Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology (Aug 2023)

Inhibition Effect of Physalis angulata Leaf Extract on Viability, Collagen Type I, and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) but Not Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) of Keloid Fibroblast Culture

  • Widiatmoko A,
  • Fitri LE,
  • Endharti AT,
  • Murlistyarini S,
  • Brahmanti H,
  • Yuniaswan AP,
  • Ekasari DP,
  • Rasyidi F,
  • Nahlia NL,
  • Safitri PR

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 16
pp. 2365 – 2373

Abstract

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Arif Widiatmoko,1,2 Loeki Enggar Fitri,1,3 Agustina Tri Endharti,1,3 Sinta Murlistyarini,1,2 Herwinda Brahmanti,2 Anggun Putri Yuniaswan,2 Dhany Prafita Ekasari,2 Faradiani Rasyidi,2 Nurul Laili Nahlia,2 Putri Rachma Safitri2 1Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia; 2Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, East Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Arif Widiatmoko, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya, Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Jl. Jaksa Agung Suprapto 2, Malang, East Java, 65111, Indonesia, Tel +62 341340991, Fax +62 341340991, Email [email protected]: Keloids are excessive fibroproliferative diseases that are caused by abnormal wound healing. The anti-proliferative activity of Physalis angulata compounds has potential as a keloid therapeutic agent. This study aimed to observe the effects of P. angulata on fibroblast viability and collagen type I, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) levels in human keloid fibroblasts.Methods: We conducted an experimental study of P. angulata ethanol extract on three primary human keloid fibroblast 3 passage cultures with four replications. Fibroblast viability was measured using the MTT assay after incubation with 3, 5, and 10 μg/mL P. angulata. Concentrations of P. angulata used to observe effects on TIMP-1, PAI-1, and collagen type I levels were 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50). The levels of collagen type I, TIMP-1, and PAI-1 were measured by ELISA. Mean comparisons between multiple treatment groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc analysis.Results: The 10 μg/mL P. angulata group had significantly lower fibroblast viability than the control group (p< 0.05) with an IC50 6.3 μg/mL. The collagen type I level of 10% IC50 (0.63 μg/mL) P. angulata group was lower than control (12.910 vs 47.866 ng/mL) (p=0.042). Level of TIMP-1 in 40% IC50 (2.51 μg/mL) P. angulata group was lower than control (5.350 vs 9.972 ng/mL) (p=0.043). There was no significant difference in the PAI-1 levels.Conclusion: This study showed the inhibitory effect of 10 μg/mL P. angulata extract on keloid fibroblast viability, with an IC50 of 6.3 μg/mL. This study also showed collagen type-1 and TIMP-1 inhibition, but not PAI-1 inhibition, after P. angulate treatment.Keywords: Physalis angulata, keloid, fibroblast viability, collagen type I, TIMP-1, PAI-1

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