Schizophrenia Research: Cognition (Sep 2024)
PsyCog: A computerised mini battery for assessing cognition in psychosis
- George Gifford,
- Alexis E. Cullen,
- Sandra Vieira,
- Anja Searle,
- Robert A. McCutcheon,
- Gemma Modinos,
- William S. Stone,
- Emily Hird,
- Jennifer Barnett,
- Hendrika H. van Hell,
- Ana Catalan,
- Edward Millgate,
- Nick Taptiklis,
- Francesca Cormack,
- Margot E. Slot,
- Paola Dazzan,
- Arija Maat,
- Lieuwe de Haan,
- Benedicto Crespo Facorro,
- Birte Glenthøj,
- Stephen M. Lawrie,
- Colm McDonald,
- Oliver Gruber,
- Thérèse van Amelsvoort,
- Celso Arango,
- Tilo Kircher,
- Barnaby Nelson,
- Silvana Galderisi,
- Rodrigo A. Bressan,
- Jun Soo Kwon,
- Mark Weiser,
- Romina Mizrahi,
- Gabriele Sachs,
- Matthias Kirschner,
- Abraham Reichenberg,
- René Kahn,
- Philip McGuire
Affiliations
- George Gifford
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Corresponding author at: University of Oxford, Department of Psychiatry, The Prince of Wales International Centre for SANE Research, Warneford Ln, Headington, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK.
- Alexis E. Cullen
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK; Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
- Sandra Vieira
- Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Anja Searle
- Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
- Robert A. McCutcheon
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
- Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK
- William S. Stone
- Harvard Medical School Department of Psychiatry at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and the Massachusetts Mental Health Center, United States of America
- Emily Hird
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL, London, UK
- Jennifer Barnett
- Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Hendrika H. van Hell
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Ana Catalan
- Basurto University Hospital, Bilbo, Bizkaia, Spain
- Edward Millgate
- Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
- Nick Taptiklis
- Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
- Francesca Cormack
- Cambridge Cognition Ltd, Cambridge, UK
- Margot E. Slot
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, London, UK
- Arija Maat
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Lieuwe de Haan
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Psychiatry, Department Early Psychosis, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Benedicto Crespo Facorro
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Sevilla, Spain; University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, IBIS-CSIC, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
- Birte Glenthøj
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Dept. of Clinical Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Stephen M. Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
- Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Thérèse van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Celso Arango
- Servicio de Psiquiatría del Niño y del Adolescente, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon, Universidad Complutense Madrid, Spain, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Madrid, Spain
- Tilo Kircher
- Dept of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Straße 8, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
- Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, Victoria, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Rodrigo A. Bressan
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Lab for Clinical Neurosciences (LiNC), Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Dahakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Mark Weiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Romina Mizrahi
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Gabriele Sachs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Matthias Kirschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland
- Abraham Reichenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029-6574, United States of America
- René Kahn
- University Medical Center, Division of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1230, New York, NY 10029-6574, United States of America
- Philip McGuire
- University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 37
p. 100310
Abstract
Despite the functional impact of cognitive deficit in people with psychosis, objective cognitive assessment is not typically part of routine clinical care. This is partly due to the length of traditional assessments and the need for a highly trained administrator. Brief, automated computerised assessments could help to address this issue. We present data from an evaluation of PsyCog, a computerised, non-verbal, mini battery of cognitive tests. Healthy Control (HC) (N = 135), Clinical High Risk (CHR) (N = 233), and First Episode Psychosis (FEP) (N = 301) participants from a multi-centre prospective study were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. PsyCog was used to assess cognitive performance at baseline and at up to two follow-up timepoints. Mean total testing time was 35.95 min (SD = 2.87). Relative to HCs, effect sizes of performance impairments were medium to large in FEP patients (composite score G = 1.21, subtest range = 0.52–0.88) and small to medium in CHR patients (composite score G = 0.59, subtest range = 0.18–0.49). Site effects were minimal, and test-retest reliability of the PsyCog composite was good (ICC = 0.82–0.89), though some practice effects and differences in data completion between groups were found. The present implementation of PsyCog shows it to be a useful tool for assessing cognitive function in people with psychosis. Computerised cognitive assessments have the potential to facilitate the evaluation of cognition in psychosis in both research and in clinical care, though caution should still be taken in terms of implementation and study design.
