Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment (Nov 2023)
Association Between Maternal Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia and the Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in Offspring: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Abstract
Yi-Chun Liu,1– 4 Yin-To Liao,5,6 Vincent Chin-Hung Chen,7,8,* Yi-Lung Chen3,9,* 1Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Children’s Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan; 2Department of Psychiatry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, 500, Taiwan; 3Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan; 4Department of Eldercare, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; 5Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404, Taiwan; 6China Medical University, Taichung, 406, Taiwan; 7School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan; 8Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, 613, Taiwan; 9Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, 413, Taiwan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yi-Lung Chen, Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan, Tel +886-4-23323456 (ext. 20106), Fax +886-4-2331669, Email [email protected]: Our study aimed to determine whether mothers with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, or schizoaffective disorder affected the risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in their offspring.Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study by using data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database and the Maternal and Child Health Database from 2004 to 2018. A total of 2,556,640 mother-child pairs were identified. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare the risk of T1D between children born to mothers with mood disorders and schizophrenia and those without.Results: No significant difference in risk of T1D was observed between the offspring of mothers with major psychiatric disorders and those without (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 0.86 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.58– 1.24). In subgroup analysis, we found an aHR of 1.81 with a 95% CI of 0.83– 3.82 in the maternal bipolar disorder on the risk of T1D in offspring and an aHR of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.59– 1.25) in maternal major depressive disorder. In the schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder group, aHR cannot be obtained due to lesser than three events in the analysis.Conclusion: The risk of T1D in offspring of mothers with mood disorders and schizophrenia was not significant. However, children born to mothers with bipolar disorder may have a tendency to develop T1D. The relationship between maternal psychiatric disorders and the risk of T1D in offspring warrants further investigation in studies with longer follow-up periods.Keywords: type 1 diabetes mellitus, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder
