Prevalence and serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae among under five children attending Toro general hospital, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background:Streptococcus pneumoniae(S. pneumoniae)is an important pathogen responsible for numerous infections in humans particularly children under 5 years causing unparalleled fatality.Aim:This study set out to determine the prevalence and circulating serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniaein under 5 years old children attending Toro General Hospital, Bauchi State, Nigeria.Methods:The study was cross-sectional, and hospital based. A total of 114 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children > 0.05). Though there was no significant association between vaccination status and prevalence of S. pneumoniae (p = 0.937), non-vaccinated group had lower prevalence of 22.4% as opposed to 23.1% in the vaccinated subjects. Six circulating serotypes [1 (23.1%), 6 (34.6%), 9 (3.8%), 11 (11.5%), 19 (3.8%), and 23 (3.8%)] were detected. Serotypes 1 and 6 were found in both vaccinated and non-vaccinated children but serotypes 9, 11, 19, and 23 were detected in vaccinated children only.Conclusion:PCV vaccine and non-vaccine S. pneumoniae serotypes were found to be prevalent and circulating among under 5 children in the current study.

Keywords

• streptococcus pneumoniae
• serotype
• vaccine
• nasopharyngeal
• cpsa gene marker