A Review on Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRPC) for Sustainable Industrial Applications
Siti Hasnah Kamarudin,
Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri,
Marwah Rayung,
Falah Abu,
So’bah Ahmad,
Mohd Nurazzi Norizan,
Syaiful Osman,
Norshahida Sarifuddin,
Mohd Shaiful Zaidi Mat Desa,
Ummi Hani Abdullah,
Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Tawakkal,
Luqman Chuah Abdullah
Affiliations
Siti Hasnah Kamarudin
Department of Ecotechnology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri
Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Marwah Rayung
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Falah Abu
Department of Ecotechnology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
So’bah Ahmad
Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
Mohd Nurazzi Norizan
Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Penang, Malaysia
Syaiful Osman
Department of Ecotechnology, School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UiTM Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia
Norshahida Sarifuddin
Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia
Mohd Shaiful Zaidi Mat Desa
Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology and Process, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Gambang 26300, Pahang, Malaysia
Ummi Hani Abdullah
Department of Wood and Fiber Industries, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Tawakkal
Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Luqman Chuah Abdullah
Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
The depletion of petroleum-based resources and the adverse environmental problems, such as pollution, have stimulated considerable interest in the development of environmentally sustainable materials, which are composed of natural fiber–reinforced polymer composites. These materials could be tailored for a broad range of sustainable industrial applications with new surface functionalities. However, there are several challenges and drawbacks, such as composites processing production and fiber/matrix adhesion, that need to be addressed and overcome. This review could provide an overview of the technological challenges, processing techniques, characterization, properties, and potential applications of NFRPC for sustainable industrial applications. Interestingly, a roadmap for NFRPC to move into Industry 4.0 was highlighted in this review.