VITRECTOMY FOR IDIOPATHIC MACULAR HOLE

Abstract

Background. Idiopatic macular hole may result from tangential and anteroposterior traction along the vitreofoveal interface.The visual loss in eyes with full thickness macular hole is tought to be caused by the absence of the neurosensory retina in the area of anatomical defect and by retinal detachment and oedema surrounding macular hole.The goal of vitrectomy is to remove vitroretinal traction and to stimulate glial cell proliferation to reapproximate the edges of the hole.We perform standard three-port pars plana vitrectomy. The posterior hyaloid is identified and elevated, dissection of internal limiting membrane is done. Long acting gass – 15% C3F8 or silicon oil is used for vitreal tamponade. Postoperative positioning is the rule.Conclusion. Vitrectomy with removal of posterior hyaloid and internal limiting membrane enables macular hole closure and better visual function.

Keywords

• anteroposterior and tangential traction
• hyaloid membrane
• internal limiting membrane
• maculorexis
• postoperative complications