The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2023)
TESS Giants Transiting Giants. III. An Eccentric Warm Jupiter Supports a Period−Eccentricity Relation for Giant Planets Transiting Evolved Stars
- Samuel K. Grunblatt,
- Nicholas Saunders,
- Ashley Chontos,
- Soichiro Hattori,
- Dimitri Veras,
- Daniel Huber,
- Ruth Angus,
- Malena Rice,
- Katelyn Breivik,
- Sarah Blunt,
- Steven Giacalone,
- Jack Lubin,
- Howard Isaacson,
- Andrew W. Howard,
- David R. Ciardi,
- Boris S. Safonov,
- Ivan A. Strakhov,
- David W. Latham,
- Allyson Bieryla,
- George R. Ricker,
- Jon M. Jenkins,
- Peter Tenenbaum,
- Avi Shporer,
- Edward H. Morgan,
- Veselin Kostov,
- Hugh P. Osborn,
- Diana Dragomir,
- Sara Seager,
- Roland K. Vanderspek,
- Joshua N. Winn
Affiliations
- Samuel K. Grunblatt
- ORCiD
- American Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, Manhattan, NY 10024, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY 10010, USA
- Nicholas Saunders
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Ashley Chontos
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA; Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Soichiro Hattori
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Columbia University , 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY, USA
- Dimitri Veras
- ORCiD
- Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Space Domain Awareness, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, UK; Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Daniel Huber
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa , 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
- Ruth Angus
- ORCiD
- American Museum of Natural History , 200 Central Park West, Manhattan, NY 10024, USA ; [email protected]; Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY 10010, USA; Department of Astronomy, Columbia University , 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY, USA
- Malena Rice
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Astronomy, Yale University , New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Katelyn Breivik
- ORCiD
- Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute , 162 5th Avenue, Manhattan, NY 10010, USA
- Sarah Blunt
- ORCiD
- Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Steven Giacalone
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Jack Lubin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Howard Isaacson
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland , Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- Andrew W. Howard
- ORCiD
- Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- David R. Ciardi
- ORCiD
- Caltech/IPAC-NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Pasadena , CA 91125, USA
- Boris S. Safonov
- ORCiD
- Sternberg Astronomical Institute, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , 13, Universitetskij pr., 119234, Moscow, Russia
- Ivan A. Strakhov
- ORCiD
- Sternberg Astronomical Institute, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , 13, Universitetskij pr., 119234, Moscow, Russia
- David W. Latham
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Allyson Bieryla
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- George R. Ricker
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Jon M. Jenkins
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Peter Tenenbaum
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; SETI Institute , Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
- Avi Shporer
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Edward H. Morgan
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Veselin Kostov
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; SETI Institute , 189 Bernardo Ave., Suite 200, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
- Hugh P. Osborn
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; NCCR/Planet-S, Universität Bern , Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Diana Dragomir
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico , 210 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- Sara Seager
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Roland K. Vanderspek
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Joshua N. Winn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca670
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 165,
no. 2
p. 44
Abstract
The fate of planets around rapidly evolving stars is not well understood. Previous studies have suggested that, relative to the main-sequence population, planets transiting evolved stars ( P < 100 days) tend to have more eccentric orbits. Here we present the discovery of TOI-4582 b, a ${0.94}_{-0.12}^{+0.09}$ R _J , 0.53 ± 0.05 M _J planet orbiting an intermediate-mass subgiant star every 31.034 days. We find that this planet is also on a significantly eccentric orbit ( e = 0.51 ± 0.05). We then compare the population of planets found transiting evolved (log g < 3.8) stars to the population of planets transiting main-sequence stars. We find that the rate at which median orbital eccentricity grows with period is significantly higher for evolved star systems than for otherwise similar main-sequence systems. In general, we observe that mean planet eccentricity 〈 e 〉 = a + b log _10 ( P ) for the evolved population with significant orbital eccentricity where a = −0.18 ± 0.08 and b = 0.38 ± 0.06, significantly distinct from the main-sequence planetary system population. This trend is seen even after controlling for stellar mass and metallicity. These systems do not appear to represent a steady evolution pathway from eccentric, long-period planetary orbits to circular, short-period orbits, as orbital model comparisons suggest that inspiral timescales are uncorrelated with orbital separation or eccentricity. Characterization of additional evolved planetary systems will distinguish effects of stellar evolution from those of stellar mass and composition.
Keywords
