Role of 3-dimensional ultrasonography and virtual cystoscopy in detection of bladder lesions in patients with hematuria

Abstract

Objective: To study the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) sonography and sonographic cystoscopy in diagnosing bladder tumors in patients with hematuria in comparison with two-dimensional (2D) sonography. Patients and methods: Twenty-seven patients with hematuria underwent a trans-abdominal US for kidney and bladder. Patients with hematuria and free upper urinary tract at ultrasound underwent a 3D US and conventional cystoscopy (CS). The results of 3D US were compared with those of conventional cystoscopy. Results: Conventional cystoscopy revealed 22 tumors in 15 patients, while 12 patients showed no bladder tumors. Overall, 3D US gave a correct diagnosis in 21 of 22 lesions (95.5%) in the 15 patients and effectively diagnosed all the 12 negative cases as being negative. Three dimensional sonography had a sensitivity of 95.5%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 92.3% in comparison to 81.8%, 66.7%, 81.8% and 66.7% respectively by 2D US. Conclusion: 3D US was more sensitive than 2D US in diagnosing bladder tumors in patients with hematuria.

Keywords

• 3D bladder US
• Hematuria
• Bladder tumors
• Virtual cystoscopy