Геохімія техногенезу (Feb 2020)
GEOACTIVE ZONES – A FACTOR OF INFLUENCE ON THE ECOLOGY OF URBANIZED TERRITORIES
Abstract
As a result of urbanization, a new ecological environment has been created with a high concentration of anthropogenic and technogenic factors that affect citizens in large cities and megalopolises. At the same time, a human, as well as biota on the whole, is additionally nega-tively affected by global cosmic and geological factors. Based on the analysis of extensive material, the article considers geological factors which include inhomogeneities of the earth's crust in the form of large extended zones of discontinuous tectonic disturbances and stresses, active faults related to geoactive zones, and more local areas within the latter with manifestation of various abnormal physical fields, de-fined as geopathic zones. The existence of geoactive zones and anomalous fields within them that affect the human environment make it relevant to study such zones within large cities and urban areas. The article presents the geological and structural characteristics and in-ternal morphology of geoactive fault zones. It is shown that the rocks comprising them and the physicochemical processes occurring in them have anomalous properties that are variable and depend on time, the depth of the zones, the level of erosion and, especially, the neo-tectonic activity. Geoactive zones (activated deep faults) at the territory of the city of Kyiv and Kyiv region (Kyiv geodynamic test site) have been characterized. Various types of energy concentrated in geoactive zones (mechanical, magnetic, electromagnetic, gravitational, ther-mal, radiation) and their total effect on physicochemical processes have been considered. A possible combined effect of these processes on formation of the relief, the type of vegetation, sustainability of technogenic objects, as well as the living matter (in particular, human health and mental state) have been assessed. The direction of further research is determined.
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