Structural and functional foot disorders in patients with genodermatoses: a single-centre, retrospective chart review

Abstract

Abstract Background Skin lesions on the feet and foot deformities impair daily activities and decrease quality of life. Although substantial foot deformities occur in many genodermatoses, few reports have been published on this topic. Therefore, we performed a retrospective chart review to identify patients with genodermatoses and foot disorders. We included 16 patients, who were investigated clinically and with molecular biology. Results The following genodermatoses with foot deformities were detected: autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI, n = 7); palmoplantar keratodermas (PPKs, n = 6); ichthyosis follicularis, atrichia, and photophobia (IFAP, n = 1); ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting (EEC, n = 1); and ichthyosis with confetti (IWC, n = 1). Foot problems not only varied in severity depending on the disease but also showed phenotypic heterogeneity among patients with the same condition. Foot deformities were most pronounced in patients with EEC (split foot) or IWC (contractures) and less severe in those with ARCI (clawed toes), IFAP (hollow feet), or PPK (no bone abnormalities in the feet). Conclusion Because a range of distinct genodermatoses involve foot abnormalities, early rehabilitation and other corrective measures should be provided to patients with foot involvement to improve gait and prevent/delay irreversible complications.

Keywords

• Foot disorders
• Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis
• Palmoplantar keratodermas
• Ichthyosis follicularis
• Atrichia and photophobia
• Ectrodactyly-ectodermal dysplasia-clefting