Mediastinal bronchial artery aneurysm with short inflow segment successfully treated with a patent ductus arteriosus occluder device

Abstract

Bronchial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare vascular abnormality that may result in life-threatening bleeding if it is left untreated. We present the case of a 35-year-old man with a mediastinal BAA characterized by a short inflow artery segment and tortuous single outflow vessel. The patient's BAA was treated with a novel approach involving placement of a patent ductus arteriosus closure device in the short inflow segment as well as coil embolization of the outflow vessel, successfully excluding the BAA. Two-week follow-up revealed no flow in the embolized artery on computed tomography angiography. This case demonstrates the first successful use of a patent ductus arteriosus occluder device in the treatment of a mediastinal BAA with short inflow segment. Keywords: Bronchial artery aneurysm, Patent ductus arteriosus occluder, Endovascular, Embolization