Situating the salience and parietal memory networks in the context of multiple parallel distributed networks using precision functional mapping
Young Hye Kwon,
Joseph J. Salvo,
Nathan L. Anderson,
Donnisa Edmonds,
Ania M. Holubecki,
Maya Lakshman,
Kwangsun Yoo,
B.T. Thomas Yeo,
Kendrick Kay,
Caterina Gratton,
Rodrigo M. Braga
Affiliations
Young Hye Kwon
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Corresponding author
Joseph J. Salvo
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Nathan L. Anderson
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Donnisa Edmonds
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Ania M. Holubecki
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Maya Lakshman
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Kwangsun Yoo
Department of Digital Health, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; AI Research Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
B.T. Thomas Yeo
Centre for Sleep & Cognition, Centre for Translational MR Research and Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
Kendrick Kay
Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
Caterina Gratton
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
Rodrigo M. Braga
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Corresponding author
Summary: Brain networks serving higher cognitive functions are widely distributed across frontal and posterior association zones. Two exceptions have been the parietal memory network (PMN) and salience network (SAL), which are typically restricted to posterior (e.g., posterior cingulate and lateral parietal cortex) and anterior (medial prefrontal and anterior insular cortex) areas, respectively. Using high-resolution neuroimaging, we show that individualized estimates of the PMN extend beyond the posterior set and encompass frontal and insula regions canonically ascribed to the SAL. This suggests that the SAL and PMN form a unified network: “SAL/PMN.” Task-based analyses confirm that both anterior and posterior components of the SAL/PMN show recognition-related activity. Comparison of 3T and 7T data suggests that high-resolution data more readily revealed the unified network, underscoring the importance of fine-scale distinctions for veridical representation of brain networks. Importantly, the unified network better matches the expected parallel distributed network organization that is characteristic of association cortex.
