PeBiToSens™: A Platform for PBT Screening of Fragrance Ingredients Without Animal Testing

Abstract

The determination of persistence (P), bioaccumulation (B) and toxicity (T) plays a central role in the environmental assessment of chemicals. Persistence is typically evaluated via standard microbial biodegradation tests. Bioaccumulation refers to the accumulation of chemicals in organisms and is usually assessed in fish exposed to the test chemical. Toxicity is determined at three trophic levels, with fish toxicity as the highest trophic level assessed. Thus, animal tests are classically needed for both B and T assessment. In vitro systems based on fish liver cells or liver S9 fractions ('RT-S9 assay') have been recently adopted by OECD to measure the biotransformation rates for the chemicals for B assessment. Biotransformation drives clearance from the body and reduces bioaccumulation. For T assessment, an assay based on in vitro toxicity on fish gill cells has been established ('RTgill-W1 assay'). Here we summarize our findings indicating that these tests are highly predictive for fragrance ingredients, and show with two case studies of our latest new registered substances how we apply these tests in particular during development and also for chemical registration. This platform of tests (PeBiToSens™) could fully replace animal tests in ecotoxicological assessment and is key in the Givaudan Safe by Design™ approach to develop safer and environmentally compatible novel fragrance ingredients.

Keywords

• acute aquatic toxicity
• bioaccumulation
• biodegradation
• ecotoxicity