Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase‐7 is an independent prognostic biomarker in advanced bladder cancer

Abstract

Abstract Background Urine markers have been studied extensively but there is a lack of blood prognostic markers in bladder cancer. MMP‐7 is produced by stromal cells and by tumor cells and is overexpressed in a variety of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors. In this study, we assessed with an immunoassay we developed, the prognostic value of serum MMP‐7 in a series of patients with advanced bladder cancer. Methods Serum samples were collected from 56 patients with advanced bladder cancer who were treated at the Montpellier Cancer Institute between March 2003 and December 2004. MMP‐7 was quantified in serum samples by using a homogeneous sandwich fluoroimmunoassay we developed based on the time resolved amplified cryptate emission (TRACE) technology. Results The median overall survival of the study population was 2.2 years (95% CI, 1.4 to 3.0) with 1‐ and 5‐year survival rates of 73% (95% CI, 59% to 82%) and 25% (95% CI, 14% to 37%), respectively. High MMP‐7 serum levels were associated with poor survival. Using a cut‐off value of 11.5 ng/mL, the median overall survival was 3.0 years (95% CI, 1.5 to 5.1) for patients with MMP‐7 serum level <11.5 ng/mL and 1.3 years (95% CI, 0.8 to 2.5) for patients with serum level ≥11.5 ng/mL. Multivariate analysis identified high MMP‐7 serum concentration as an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with advanced bladder cancer (R = 2.1, 95% CI, 1.1 to 4.4). Conclusions Our results show that the MMP‐7 serum concentration is an independent prognostic factor in patients with locally advanced and or metastatic bladder cancer.

Keywords

• MMP‐7
• Bladder cancer
• Prognosis
• Urothelial tumors
• Serum
• Biomarker