Solutions by Quadratures of Complex Bernoulli Differential Equations and Their Quantum Deformation

Abstract

It is shown that the complex Bernoulli differential equations admitting the supplementary structure of a Lie–Hamilton system related to the book algebra b2 can always be solved by quadratures, providing an explicit solution of the equations. In addition, considering the quantum deformation of Bernoulli equations, their canonical form is obtained and an exact solution by quadratures is deduced as well. It is further shown that the approximations of kth-order in the deformation parameter from the quantum deformation are also integrable by quadratures, although an explicit solution cannot be obtained in general. Finally, the multidimensional quantum deformation of the book Lie–Hamilton systems is studied, showing that, in contrast to the multidimensional analogue of the undeformed system, the resulting system is coupled in a nontrivial form.

Keywords

• nonautonomous differential equations
• Lie–Hamilton systems
• book algebra
• quantum groups