Expansion of genotypic and phenotypic findings in ADAMTS18-related ocular pathology

Abstract

Purpose: ADAMTS18-related ocular pathology is rare with few described cases. Features include distinctive facies, refractive error, anterior segment dysgenesis, and retinal dystrophy. Previous patients were found to have homozygous variants in ADAMTS18. Here, we present a patient with compound heterozygous ADAMTS18-related pathology and its associated findings. Observations: A 37-year-old male with a history of bilateral congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, dry eye syndrome, mild myopia, and accommodative esotropia presented to the Retina Service. He was found to have multiple features of anterior segment dysgenesis and retinal dystrophy, some of which have not been previously reported in association with ADAMTS18 variants. An inherited retinal disease (IRD) next-generation sequencing gene panel revealed heterozygous ADAMTS18 variants, both classified by the performing laboratory as likely pathogenic. A systematic review of previously published cases was performed for genotypic and phenotypic comparison. Conclusions and importance: Changes in lens dimensions and shape, nasolacrimal abnormalities, and good visual acuity at an older age observed in this case of compound heterozygous ADAMTS18-related ocular pathology further expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of this rare disease and its variable manifestations. This knowledge will aid the management and counseling of patients with this rare condition.

Keywords

• ADAMTS18
• Microcornea
• Myopic chorioretinal atrophy
• And telecanthus (MMCAT) syndrome
• Vitreoretinal degeneration
• Hereditary retinal dystrophy