Flexible, ultrathin bioelectronic materials and devices for chronically stable neural interfaces
Lianjie Zhou,
Zhongyuan Wu,
Mubai Sun,
Jaejin Park,
Mengdi Han,
Ming Wang,
Junsheng Yu,
Zengfeng Di,
Yongfeng Mei,
Wubin Bai,
Xinge Yu,
Ki Jun Yu,
Enming Song
Affiliations
Lianjie Zhou
Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China
Zhongyuan Wu
Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China
Mubai Sun
Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China
Jaejin Park
Functional Bio‐integrated Electronics and Energy Management Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul Korea
Mengdi Han
Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Future Technology Peking University Beijing China
Ming Wang
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Chips and Systems Frontier Institute of Chip and System Fudan University Shanghai China
Junsheng Yu
State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) Chengdu Sichuan China
Zengfeng Di
State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
Yongfeng Mei
Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China
Wubin Bai
Department of Applied Physical Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina USA
Xinge Yu
Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
Ki Jun Yu
Functional Bio‐integrated Electronics and Energy Management Lab School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul Korea
Enming Song
Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China
Abstract Advanced technologies that can establish intimate, long‐lived functional interfaces with neural systems have attracted increasing interest due to their wide‐ranging applications in neuroscience, bioelectronic medicine, and the associated treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. A critical challenge of significance remains in the development of electronic platforms that offer conformal contact with soft brain tissue for the sensing or stimulation of brain activities and chronically stable operation in vivo, at scales that range from cellular‐level resolution to macroscopic areas. This review summarizes recent advances in this field, with an emphasis on the use of demonstrated concepts, constituent materials, engineered designs, and system integration to address the current challenges. The article begins with an overview of recent bioelectronic platforms with unique form factors, ranging from filamentary probes to conformal sheets and three‐dimensional frameworks for alleviating the mechanical mismatch between interface materials and neural tissues. Next, active interfaces which utilize inorganic/organic semiconductor‐enabled devices are reviewed, highlighting various working principles of recording mechanisms including capacitively and conductively coupled sensing enabled by high transistor matrices at high spatiotemporal resolution. The subsequent section presents approaches to biological integration which use active materials for multiplexed addressing, local amplification and multimodal operation with high‐channel‐count and large‐scale electronic systems in a safe fashion that provides multi‐decade stable performance in both animal models and human subjects. The advances summarized in this review will guide the future direction of this technology and provide a basis for next‐generation chronic neural interfaces with long‐lived high‐performance operation.
