Veterinary and sanitary examination of milk from subsidiary farms of the republic of Mari El

Abstract

At present, in order to avoid buying adulterated milk, some consumers buy the whole milk from private farms. However, when purchasing this product, there is a risk of harm to health. This is due to the fact that some cattle owners may improperly exercise health care and comply with conditions for keeping the animals. Purpose: To conduct a veterinary and sanitary assessment of raw milk samples from subsidiary farms of the Republic of Mari El. The material for this assessment was three raw milk samples from different subsidiary farms. In the selected samples, we determined the organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological properties. Standardized methods were used to determine these parameters. All test samples were a homogeneous white liquid free of sediment and flakes with a clean pleasant taste and smell, which met the requirements of GOST 31449-2013. The values of all samples for physicochemical properties were also within the limits specified in the standard, which indicates the milk naturality. However, when determining the QMA&OAMO (quantity of mesophyll aerobic and optional-anaerobic microorganisms), the obtained results greatly exceeded the established limits. The study of the sample cultures for coliform bacteria showed that, unlike samples 1 and 3, sample 2 has no bacteria of this group. The results of the microbiological quality demonstrated that either animals from which milk was obtained were kept in improper sanitary and hygienic conditions, or the milk obtained was contaminated with microorganisms at the consumer packaging stage. This study showed that all samples meet the requirements of GOST 31449-2013 for organoleptic and physico-chemical properties.