The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2025)
On the Potential Cosmogenic Origin of the Ultra-high-energy Event KM3-230213A
- O. Adriani,
- S. Aiello,
- A. Albert,
- A. R. Alhebsi,
- M. Alshamsi,
- S. Alves Garre,
- A. Ambrosone,
- F. Ameli,
- M. Andre,
- L. Aphecetche,
- M. Ardid,
- S. Ardid,
- C. Argüelles,
- J. Aublin,
- F. Badaracco,
- L. Bailly-Salins,
- Z. Bardačová,
- B. Baret,
- A. Bariego-Quintana,
- Y. Becherini,
- M. Bendahman,
- F. Benfenati Gualandi,
- M. Benhassi,
- M. Bennani,
- D. M. Benoit,
- E. Berbee,
- E. Berti,
- V. Bertin,
- P. Betti,
- S. Biagi,
- M. Boettcher,
- D. Bonanno,
- S. Bottai,
- A. B. Bouasla,
- J. Boumaaza,
- M. Bouta,
- M. Bouwhuis,
- C. Bozza,
- R. M. Bozza,
- H. Brânzaş,
- F. Bretaudeau,
- M. Breuhaus,
- R. Bruijn,
- J. Brunner,
- R. Bruno,
- E. Buis,
- R. Buompane,
- J. Busto,
- B. Caiffi,
- D. Calvo,
- A. Capone,
- F. Carenini,
- V. Carretero,
- T. Cartraud,
- P. Castaldi,
- V. Cecchini,
- S. Celli,
- L. Cerisy,
- M. Chabab,
- A. Chen,
- S. Cherubini,
- T. Chiarusi,
- M. Circella,
- R. Clark,
- R. Cocimano,
- J. A. B. Coelho,
- A. Coleiro,
- A. Condorelli,
- R. Coniglione,
- P. Coyle,
- A. Creusot,
- G. Cuttone,
- R. Dallier,
- A. De Benedittis,
- G. De Wasseige,
- V. Decoene,
- P. Deguire,
- I. Del Rosso,
- L. S. Di Mauro,
- I. Di Palma,
- A. F. Díaz,
- D. Diego-Tortosa,
- C. Distefano,
- A. Domi,
- C. Donzaud,
- D. Dornic,
- E. Drakopoulou,
- D. Drouhin,
- J.-G. Ducoin,
- P. Duverne,
- R. Dvornický,
- T. Eberl,
- E. Eckerová,
- A. Eddymaoui,
- T. van Eeden,
- M. Eff,
- D. van Eijk,
- I. El Bojaddaini,
- S. El Hedri,
- S. El Mentawi,
- V. Ellajosyula,
- A. Enzenhöfer,
- G. Ferrara,
- M. D. Filipović,
- F. Filippini,
- D. Franciotti,
- L. A. Fusco,
- T. Gal,
- J. García Méndez,
- A. Garcia Soto,
- C. Gatius Oliver,
- N. Geisselbrecht,
- E. Genton,
- H. Ghaddari,
- L. Gialanella,
- B. K. Gibson,
- E. Giorgio,
- I. Goos,
- P. Goswami,
- S. R. Gozzini,
- R. Gracia,
- C. Guidi,
- B. Guillon,
- M. Gutiérrez,
- C. Haack,
- H. van Haren,
- A. Heijboer,
- L. Hennig,
- J. J. Hernández-Rey,
- A. Idrissi,
- W. Idrissi Ibnsalih,
- G. Illuminati,
- O. Janik,
- D. Joly,
- M. de Jong,
- P. de Jong,
- B. J. Jung,
- P. Kalaczyński,
- N. Kamp,
- J. Keegans,
- V. Kikvadze,
- G. Kistauri,
- C. Kopper,
- A. Kouchner,
- Y. Y. Kovalev,
- L. Krupa,
- V. Kueviakoe,
- V. Kulikovskiy,
- R. Kvatadze,
- M. Labalme,
- R. Lahmann,
- M. Lamoureux,
- G. Larosa,
- C. Lastoria,
- J. Lazar,
- A. Lazo,
- S. Le Stum,
- G. Lehaut,
- V. Lemaître,
- E. Leonora,
- N. Lessing,
- G. Levi,
- M. Lindsey Clark,
- F. Longhitano,
- F. Magnani,
- J. Majumdar,
- L. Malerba,
- F. Mamedov,
- A. Manfreda,
- A. Manousakis,
- M. Marconi,
- A. Margiotta,
- A. Marinelli,
- C. Markou,
- L. Martin,
- M. Mastrodicasa,
- S. Mastroianni,
- J. Mauro,
- K. C. K. Mehta,
- A. Meskar,
- G. Miele,
- P. Migliozzi,
- E. Migneco,
- M. L. Mitsou,
- C. M. Mollo,
- L. Morales-Gallegos,
- N. Mori,
- A. Moussa,
- I. Mozun Mateo,
- R. Muller,
- M. R. Musone,
- M. Musumeci,
- S. Navas,
- A. Nayerhoda,
- C. A. Nicolau,
- B. Nkosi,
- B. Ó Fearraigh,
- V. Oliviero,
- A. Orlando,
- E. Oukacha,
- L. Pacini,
- D. Paesani,
- J. Palacios González,
- G. Papalashvili,
- P. Papini,
- V. Parisi,
- A. Parmar,
- E.J. Pastor Gomez,
- C. Pastore,
- A. M. Păun,
- G. E. Păvălaş,
- S. Peña Martínez,
- M. Perrin-Terrin,
- V. Pestel,
- R. Pestes,
- M. Petropavlova,
- P. Piattelli,
- A. Plavin,
- C. Poirè,
- V. Popa,
- T. Pradier,
- J. Prado,
- S. Pulvirenti,
- C.A. Quiroz-Rangel,
- N. Randazzo,
- A. Ratnani,
- S. Razzaque,
- I. C. Rea,
- D. Real,
- G. Riccobene,
- J. Robinson,
- A. Romanov,
- E. Ros,
- A. Šaina,
- F. Salesa Greus,
- D. F. E. Samtleben,
- A. Sánchez Losa,
- S. Sanfilippo,
- M. Sanguineti,
- D. Santonocito,
- P. Sapienza,
- M. Scaringella,
- M. Scarnera,
- J. Schnabel,
- J. Schumann,
- H. M. Schutte,
- J. Seneca,
- N. Sennan,
- P. A. Sevle Myhr,
- I. Sgura,
- R. Shanidze,
- A. Sharma,
- Y. Shitov,
- F. Šimkovic,
- A. Simonelli,
- A. Sinopoulou,
- B. Spisso,
- M. Spurio,
- O. Starodubtsev,
- D. Stavropoulos,
- I. Štekl,
- D. Stocco,
- M. Taiuti,
- G. Takadze,
- Y. Tayalati,
- H. Thiersen,
- S. Thoudam,
- I. Tosta e Melo,
- B. Trocmé,
- V. Tsourapis,
- E. Tzamariudaki,
- A. Ukleja,
- A. Vacheret,
- V. Valsecchi,
- V. Van Elewyck,
- G. Vannoye,
- E. Vannuccini,
- G. Vasileiadis,
- F. Vazquez de Sola,
- A. Veutro,
- S. Viola,
- D. Vivolo,
- A. van Vliet,
- A. Y. Wen,
- E. de Wolf,
- I. Lhenry-Yvon,
- S. Zavatarelli,
- A. Zegarelli,
- D. Zito,
- J. D. Zornoza,
- J. Zúniga,
- N. Zywucka,
- (The KM3NeT Collaboration)
Affiliations
- O. Adriani
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy; Università di Firenze , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- S. Aiello
- INFN , Sezione di Catania, (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- A. Albert
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Haute Alsace , rue des Frères Lumière, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
- A. R. Alhebsi
- Khalifa University of Science and Technology , Department of Physics, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- M. Alshamsi
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- S. Alves Garre
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- A. Ambrosone
- Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Dip. Scienze Fisiche “E. Pancini,” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- F. Ameli
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- M. Andre
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya , Laboratori d’Aplicacions Bioacústiques, Centre Tecnològic de Vilanova i la Geltrú, Avda. Rambla Exposició, s/n, Vilanova i la Geltrú, 08800, Spain
- L. Aphecetche
- Subatech, IMT Atlantique, IN2P3-CNRS, Nantes Université , 4 rue Alfred Kastler—La Chantrerie, Nantes, BP 20722 44307, France
- M. Ardid
- Universitat Politècnica de València , Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras, C/ Paranimf, 1, Gandia, 46730, Spain
- S. Ardid
- Universitat Politècnica de València , Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras, C/ Paranimf, 1, Gandia, 46730, Spain
- C. Argüelles
- Harvard University , Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Lyman Laboratory, 17 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- J. Aublin
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- F. Badaracco
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- L. Bailly-Salins
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- Z. Bardačová
- Comenius University in Bratislava , Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Mlynska dolina F1, Bratislava, 842 48, Slovak Republic; Czech Technical University in Prague , Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Husova 240/5, Prague, 110 00, Czech Republic
- B. Baret
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- A. Bariego-Quintana
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Y. Becherini
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- M. Bendahman
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- F. Benfenati Gualandi
- Università di Bologna , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy; INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- M. Benhassi
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, viale Lincoln 5, Caserta, 81100, Italy
- M. Bennani
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- D. M. Benoit
- E. A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- E. Berbee
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- E. Berti
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- V. Bertin
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- P. Betti
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- S. Biagi
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- M. Boettcher
- North-West University , Centre for Space Research, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- D. Bonanno
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- S. Bottai
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- A. B. Bouasla
- Université Badji Mokhtar , Département de Physique, Faculté des Sciences, Laboratoire de Physique des Rayonnements, B. P. 12, Annaba, 23000, Algeria
- J. Boumaaza
- University Mohammed V in Rabat , Faculty of Sciences, 4 av. Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014, R.P. 10000 Rabat, Morocco
- M. Bouta
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- M. Bouwhuis
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- C. Bozza
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università di Salerno e INFN Gruppo Collegato di Salerno , Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084, Italy
- R. M. Bozza
- Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Dip. Scienze Fisiche “E. Pancini,” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- H. Brânzaş
- Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary , 409 Atomistilor Street, Magurele, Ilfov, 077125, Romania
- F. Bretaudeau
- Subatech, IMT Atlantique, IN2P3-CNRS, Nantes Université , 4 rue Alfred Kastler—La Chantrerie, Nantes, BP 20722 44307, France
- M. Breuhaus
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- R. Bruijn
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands; University of Amsterdam , Institute of Physics/IHEF, PO Box 94216, Amsterdam, 1090 GE, The Netherlands
- J. Brunner
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- R. Bruno
- INFN , Sezione di Catania, (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- E. Buis
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands; TNO , Technical Sciences, PO Box 155, Delft, 2600 AD, The Netherlands
- R. Buompane
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, viale Lincoln 5, Caserta, 81100, Italy
- J. Busto
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- B. Caiffi
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- D. Calvo
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- A. Capone
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy; Università La Sapienza , Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- F. Carenini
- Università di Bologna , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy; INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- V. Carretero
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands; University of Amsterdam , Institute of Physics/IHEF, PO Box 94216, Amsterdam, 1090 GE, The Netherlands
- T. Cartraud
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- P. Castaldi
- INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy; Università di Bologna , Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Energia Elettrica e dell’Informazione “Guglielmo Marconi,” Via dell’Università 50, Cesena, 47521, Italy
- V. Cecchini
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- S. Celli
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy; Università La Sapienza , Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- L. Cerisy
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- M. Chabab
- Cadi Ayyad University , Physics Department, Faculty of Science Semlalia, Av. My Abdellah, P.O.B. 2390, Marrakech, 40000, Morocco
- A. Chen
- University of the Witwatersrand , School of Physics, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, Wits 2050, South Africa
- S. Cherubini
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy; Università di Catania , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Ettore Majorana,” (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- T. Chiarusi
- INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- M. Circella
- INFN , Sezione di Bari, via Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- R. Clark
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- R. Cocimano
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- J. A. B. Coelho
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- A. Coleiro
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- A. Condorelli
- ORCiD
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- R. Coniglione
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- P. Coyle
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- A. Creusot
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- G. Cuttone
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- R. Dallier
- Subatech, IMT Atlantique, IN2P3-CNRS, Nantes Université , 4 rue Alfred Kastler—La Chantrerie, Nantes, BP 20722 44307, France
- A. De Benedittis
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- G. De Wasseige
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- V. Decoene
- Subatech, IMT Atlantique, IN2P3-CNRS, Nantes Université , 4 rue Alfred Kastler—La Chantrerie, Nantes, BP 20722 44307, France
- P. Deguire
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- I. Del Rosso
- Università di Bologna , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy; INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- L. S. Di Mauro
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- I. Di Palma
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy; Università La Sapienza , Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- A. F. Díaz
- University of Granada , Department of Computer Engineering, Automation and Robotics/CITIC, 18071 Granada, Spain
- D. Diego-Tortosa
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- C. Distefano
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- A. Domi
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- C. Donzaud
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- D. Dornic
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- E. Drakopoulou
- NCSR Demokritos , Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, 15310, Greece
- D. Drouhin
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France; Université de Haute Alsace , rue des Frères Lumière, 68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
- J.-G. Ducoin
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- P. Duverne
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- R. Dvornický
- Comenius University in Bratislava , Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Mlynska dolina F1, Bratislava, 842 48, Slovak Republic
- T. Eberl
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- E. Eckerová
- Comenius University in Bratislava , Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Mlynska dolina F1, Bratislava, 842 48, Slovak Republic; Czech Technical University in Prague , Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Husova 240/5, Prague, 110 00, Czech Republic
- A. Eddymaoui
- University Mohammed V in Rabat , Faculty of Sciences, 4 av. Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014, R.P. 10000 Rabat, Morocco
- T. van Eeden
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- M. Eff
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- D. van Eijk
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- I. El Bojaddaini
- University Mohammed I , Faculty of Sciences, BV Mohammed VI, B.P. 717, R.P. 60000 Oujda, Morocco
- S. El Hedri
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- S. El Mentawi
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- V. Ellajosyula
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- A. Enzenhöfer
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- G. Ferrara
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy; Università di Catania , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Ettore Majorana,” (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- M. D. Filipović
- Western Sydney University , School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- F. Filippini
- INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- D. Franciotti
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- L. A. Fusco
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università di Salerno e INFN Gruppo Collegato di Salerno , Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084, Italy
- T. Gal
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- J. García Méndez
- Universitat Politècnica de València , Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras, C/ Paranimf, 1, Gandia, 46730, Spain
- A. Garcia Soto
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- C. Gatius Oliver
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- N. Geisselbrecht
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- E. Genton
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- H. Ghaddari
- University Mohammed I , Faculty of Sciences, BV Mohammed VI, B.P. 717, R.P. 60000 Oujda, Morocco
- L. Gialanella
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, viale Lincoln 5, Caserta, 81100, Italy
- B. K. Gibson
- E. A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- E. Giorgio
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- I. Goos
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- P. Goswami
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- S. R. Gozzini
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- R. Gracia
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- C. Guidi
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- B. Guillon
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- M. Gutiérrez
- University of Granada , Dpto. de Física Teórica y del Cosmos & C.A.F.P.E., 18071 Granada, Spain
- C. Haack
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- H. van Haren
- NIOZ (Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research) , PO Box 59, Den Burg, Texel, 1790 AB, The Netherlands
- A. Heijboer
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- L. Hennig
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- J. J. Hernández-Rey
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- A. Idrissi
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- W. Idrissi Ibnsalih
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- G. Illuminati
- INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- O. Janik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- D. Joly
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- M. de Jong
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands; Leiden University , Leiden Institute of Physics, PO Box 9504, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- P. de Jong
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands; University of Amsterdam , Institute of Physics/IHEF, PO Box 94216, Amsterdam, 1090 GE, The Netherlands
- B. J. Jung
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- P. Kalaczyński
- AstroCeNT , Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Rektorska 4, Warsaw, 00-614, Poland; AGH University of Krakow , Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- N. Kamp
- Harvard University , Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Lyman Laboratory, 17 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- J. Keegans
- E. A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
- V. Kikvadze
- Tbilisi State University , Department of Physics, 3, Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi, 0179, Georgia
- G. Kistauri
- Tbilisi State University , Department of Physics, 3, Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi, 0179, Georgia; The University of Georgia , Institute of Physics, Kostava str. 77, Tbilisi, 0171, Georgia
- C. Kopper
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- A. Kouchner
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]; Institut Universitaire de France , 1 rue Descartes, Paris, 75005, France
- Y. Y. Kovalev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- L. Krupa
- Czech Technical University in Prague , Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Husova 240/5, Prague, 110 00, Czech Republic
- V. Kueviakoe
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- V. Kulikovskiy
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- R. Kvatadze
- The University of Georgia , Institute of Physics, Kostava str. 77, Tbilisi, 0171, Georgia
- M. Labalme
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- R. Lahmann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- M. Lamoureux
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- G. Larosa
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- C. Lastoria
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- J. Lazar
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- A. Lazo
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- S. Le Stum
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- G. Lehaut
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- V. Lemaître
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- E. Leonora
- INFN , Sezione di Catania, (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- N. Lessing
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- G. Levi
- Università di Bologna , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy; INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- M. Lindsey Clark
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- F. Longhitano
- INFN , Sezione di Catania, (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- F. Magnani
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- J. Majumdar
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- L. Malerba
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- F. Mamedov
- Czech Technical University in Prague , Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Husova 240/5, Prague, 110 00, Czech Republic
- A. Manfreda
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- A. Manousakis
- University of Sharjah , Sharjah Academy for Astronomy, Space Sciences, and Technology, University Campus—POB 27272, Sharjah, UAE
- M. Marconi
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- A. Margiotta
- Università di Bologna , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy; INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- A. Marinelli
- Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Dip. Scienze Fisiche “E. Pancini,” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- C. Markou
- NCSR Demokritos , Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, 15310, Greece
- L. Martin
- Subatech, IMT Atlantique, IN2P3-CNRS, Nantes Université , 4 rue Alfred Kastler—La Chantrerie, Nantes, BP 20722 44307, France
- M. Mastrodicasa
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy; Università La Sapienza , Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- S. Mastroianni
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- J. Mauro
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- K. C. K. Mehta
- AGH University of Krakow , Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
- A. Meskar
- National Centre for Nuclear Research , 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- G. Miele
- Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Dip. Scienze Fisiche “E. Pancini,” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- P. Migliozzi
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- E. Migneco
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- M. L. Mitsou
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, viale Lincoln 5, Caserta, 81100, Italy
- C. M. Mollo
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- L. Morales-Gallegos
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, viale Lincoln 5, Caserta, 81100, Italy
- N. Mori
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- A. Moussa
- University Mohammed I , Faculty of Sciences, BV Mohammed VI, B.P. 717, R.P. 60000 Oujda, Morocco
- I. Mozun Mateo
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- R. Muller
- INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- M. R. Musone
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, viale Lincoln 5, Caserta, 81100, Italy
- M. Musumeci
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- S. Navas
- University of Granada , Dpto. de Física Teórica y del Cosmos & C.A.F.P.E., 18071 Granada, Spain
- A. Nayerhoda
- INFN , Sezione di Bari, via Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- C. A. Nicolau
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- B. Nkosi
- University of the Witwatersrand , School of Physics, Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, Wits 2050, South Africa
- B. Ó Fearraigh
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- V. Oliviero
- Università di Napoli “Federico II,” Dip. Scienze Fisiche “E. Pancini,” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy ; [email protected]; INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- A. Orlando
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- E. Oukacha
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- L. Pacini
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- D. Paesani
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- J. Palacios González
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- G. Papalashvili
- INFN , Sezione di Bari, via Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy; Tbilisi State University , Department of Physics, 3, Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi, 0179, Georgia
- P. Papini
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- V. Parisi
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- A. Parmar
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- E.J. Pastor Gomez
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- C. Pastore
- INFN , Sezione di Bari, via Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- A. M. Păun
- Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary , 409 Atomistilor Street, Magurele, Ilfov, 077125, Romania
- G. E. Păvălaş
- Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary , 409 Atomistilor Street, Magurele, Ilfov, 077125, Romania
- S. Peña Martínez
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- M. Perrin-Terrin
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
- V. Pestel
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- R. Pestes
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- M. Petropavlova
- Czech Technical University in Prague , Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Husova 240/5, Prague, 110 00, Czech Republic; Faculty of Mathematics and Physics , Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- P. Piattelli
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- A. Plavin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Harvard University , Black Hole Initiative, 20 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- C. Poirè
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università di Salerno e INFN Gruppo Collegato di Salerno , Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano, 84084, Italy
- V. Popa
- Institute of Space Science - INFLPR Subsidiary , 409 Atomistilor Street, Magurele, Ilfov, 077125, Romania
- T. Pradier
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- J. Prado
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- S. Pulvirenti
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- C.A. Quiroz-Rangel
- Universitat Politècnica de València , Instituto de Investigación para la Gestión Integrada de las Zonas Costeras, C/ Paranimf, 1, Gandia, 46730, Spain
- N. Randazzo
- INFN , Sezione di Catania, (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- A. Ratnani
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco
- S. Razzaque
- University of Johannesburg , Department Physics, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
- I. C. Rea
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- D. Real
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- G. Riccobene
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- J. Robinson
- North-West University , Centre for Space Research, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- A. Romanov
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- E. Ros
- Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie , Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
- A. Šaina
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- F. Salesa Greus
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- D. F. E. Samtleben
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands; Leiden University , Leiden Institute of Physics, PO Box 9504, Leiden, 2300 RA, The Netherlands
- A. Sánchez Losa
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- S. Sanfilippo
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- M. Sanguineti
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- D. Santonocito
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- P. Sapienza
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- M. Scaringella
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- M. Scarnera
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]; UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- J. Schnabel
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- J. Schumann
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) , Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- H. M. Schutte
- North-West University , Centre for Space Research, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- J. Seneca
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- N. Sennan
- University Mohammed I , Faculty of Sciences, BV Mohammed VI, B.P. 717, R.P. 60000 Oujda, Morocco
- P. A. Sevle Myhr
- UCLouvain , Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology, Chemin du Cyclotron, 2, Louvain-la-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
- I. Sgura
- INFN , Sezione di Bari, via Orabona, 4, Bari, 70125, Italy
- R. Shanidze
- Tbilisi State University , Department of Physics, 3, Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi, 0179, Georgia
- A. Sharma
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- Y. Shitov
- Czech Technical University in Prague , Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Husova 240/5, Prague, 110 00, Czech Republic
- F. Šimkovic
- Comenius University in Bratislava , Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Mlynska dolina F1, Bratislava, 842 48, Slovak Republic
- A. Simonelli
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- A. Sinopoulou
- INFN , Sezione di Catania, (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- B. Spisso
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy
- M. Spurio
- Università di Bologna , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy; INFN , Sezione di Bologna, v.le C. Berti-Pichat, 6/2, Bologna, 40127, Italy
- O. Starodubtsev
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- D. Stavropoulos
- NCSR Demokritos , Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, 15310, Greece
- I. Štekl
- Czech Technical University in Prague , Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Husova 240/5, Prague, 110 00, Czech Republic
- D. Stocco
- Subatech, IMT Atlantique, IN2P3-CNRS, Nantes Université , 4 rue Alfred Kastler—La Chantrerie, Nantes, BP 20722 44307, France
- M. Taiuti
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- G. Takadze
- Tbilisi State University , Department of Physics, 3, Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi, 0179, Georgia
- Y. Tayalati
- University Mohammed V in Rabat , Faculty of Sciences, 4 av. Ibn Battouta, B.P. 1014, R.P. 10000 Rabat, Morocco; School of Applied and Engineering Physics , Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco
- H. Thiersen
- North-West University , Centre for Space Research, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- S. Thoudam
- Khalifa University of Science and Technology , Department of Physics, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- I. Tosta e Melo
- INFN , Sezione di Catania, (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy; Università di Catania , Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Ettore Majorana,” (INFN-CT) Via Santa Sofia 64, Catania, 95123, Italy
- B. Trocmé
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- V. Tsourapis
- NCSR Demokritos , Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, 15310, Greece
- E. Tzamariudaki
- NCSR Demokritos , Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Athens, 15310, Greece
- A. Ukleja
- AGH University of Krakow , Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; National Centre for Nuclear Research , 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- A. Vacheret
- LPC CAEN , Normandie Univ, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CNRS/IN2P3, 6 boulevard Maréchal Juin, Caen, 14050, France
- V. Valsecchi
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- V. Van Elewyck
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]; Institut Universitaire de France , 1 rue Descartes, Paris, 75005, France
- G. Vannoye
- Aix Marseille Univ , CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France; INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy; Università di Genova , Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- E. Vannuccini
- INFN , Sezione di Firenze, via Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
- G. Vasileiadis
- Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier , Place Eugène Bataillon—CC 72, Montpellier Cédex 05, 34095, France
- F. Vazquez de Sola
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands
- A. Veutro
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy; Università La Sapienza , Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- S. Viola
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- D. Vivolo
- INFN, Sezione di Napoli, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo , Via Cintia ed. G, Napoli, 80126, Italy; Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli,” Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, viale Lincoln 5, Caserta, 81100, Italy
- A. van Vliet
- Khalifa University of Science and Technology , Department of Physics, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- A. Y. Wen
- Harvard University , Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Lyman Laboratory, 17 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- E. de Wolf
- Nikhef , National Institute for Subatomic Physics, PO Box 41882, Amsterdam, 1009 DB, The Netherlands; University of Amsterdam , Institute of Physics/IHEF, PO Box 94216, Amsterdam, 1090 GE, The Netherlands
- I. Lhenry-Yvon
- Université Paris Cité , CNRS, Astroparticule et Cosmologie, F-75013 Paris, France ; [email protected]
- S. Zavatarelli
- INFN , Sezione di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova, 16146, Italy
- A. Zegarelli
- INFN , Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy; Università La Sapienza , Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, Roma, 00185, Italy
- D. Zito
- INFN , Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, (LNS) Via S. Sofia 62, Catania, 95123, Italy
- J. D. Zornoza
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- J. Zúniga
- IFIC—Instituto de Física Corpuscular (CSIC—Universitat de València) , c/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- N. Zywucka
- North-West University , Centre for Space Research, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
- (The KM3NeT Collaboration)
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adcc29
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 984,
no. 2
p. L41
Abstract
On 2023 February 13, the KM3NeT/ARCA telescope observed a track-like event compatible with a ultra-high-energy muon with an estimated energy of 120 PeV, produced by a neutrino with an even higher energy, making it the most energetic neutrino event ever detected. A diffuse cosmogenic component is expected to originate from the interactions of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with ambient photon and matter fields. The flux level required by the KM3NeT/ARCA event is, however, in tension with the standard cosmogenic neutrino predictions based on the observations collected by the Pierre Auger Observatory and Telescope Array over the last decade of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays above the ankle (hence from the local Universe, z ≲ 1). We show here that both observations can be reconciled by extending the integration of the equivalent cosmogenic neutrino flux up to a redshift of ${z}_{{\rm{\max }}}=6$ and considering either source evolution effects or the presence of a subdominant independent proton component in the ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray flux, thus placing constraints on known cosmic accelerators.
Keywords
