Neurophysiological Mechanisms of Postresuscitative Mechanisms of Brain Pathology

Abstract

Based on the own studies and the data available in the literature, the authors consider neurophysiological mechanisms, general regularities, as well as the specific features of performance of the central nervous system (CNS) in the postresuscitative period. At the emergence from clinical death, the state of neurons of the brain is primarily determined by intrinsic energy provision rather than external signalization. The following period of a postresuscitative process develops against the background of the relative recovery of bioenergetics and the capacity of a neuron to generate and transmit an impulse on retention of substantial neurological and cognitive disorders due to heterogenic ischemic lesion of the brain regions participating in the performance of a specific function. This period is characterized by the formation of the pathological functional systems associated with the break of intercentral relations, as manifested in the change of reflex reactions, in the generalization of the total bioelectric activity of the brain, in the episodes of paroxysmal activity and motor excitation, which occur spontaneously or which are provoked by nocicep-tive, audiogenic stimuli or by the administration of CNS activators. After compensation of external neurological disorders, the neurophysiological mechanisms of postresuscitative changes in the congenital and acquired forms of behavior are: a) sustained CNS hyperexcitability; b) regulatory isolation of the brain from signal of varying modality; c) the high capacity of forming intracentral relations, caused by the joint action of sustained neuronal hyperexcitability after cessation of a stimulus and by the compensatory process of reorganization and recovery of a synaptic pool and a dendritic network; d) the reduced information capacity of the brain; e) the high responsiveness of CNS to acute and chronic emotionally negative factors; f) the cerebral changes associated with the prolonged effect of drugs administered in the early postresuscitative period. In this postresuscitative period, the specific feature of brain performance is in the interrelated involvement of the above neurophysiological mechanisms in both the achievement of adaptive productivity and the formation of late encephalopathies. The findings suggest that the study of procedures for drug and non-drug protection of the brain is promising in preventing late encephalopathies.

Keywords

• ишемия
• мозг
• состояние постреанимационное
• механизмы нейрофизиологические