Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation (Jan 2011)

Nephrobronchial fistula complicating neglected nephrolithiasis and xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

  • Indu B Dubey,
  • Ajay K Singh,
  • Dharmendra Prasad,
  • Bhupendra K Jain

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 22, no. 3
pp. 549 – 551

Abstract

Read online

Nephrobronchial fistula is a rare complication seen in association with renal infections, trauma or stone disease. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is an infectious disease with a potential for fistulization to lung, skin, colon and other organs. We present a case of nephrolithiasis complicated by obstruction leading to pyonephrosis and nephrobronchial fistula, treated successfully by nephrectomy and excision of fistulous tracts. Nephrobronchial fistula, although a rare complication of longstanding renal stone, should be considered when a patient presents with perirenal suppurative process. This clinical case illustrates the natural history of nephro-bronchial fistula and the relevance of early treatment of nephrolithiasis.