Jornal de Pediatria (Apr 2007)
Avaliação de impacto da implantação da Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança Assessment of the impact of implementing the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
Abstract
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança sobre as práticas de aleitamento materno entre mães da área urbana de Montes Claros (MG). MÉTODOS: Realizou-se uma análise comparativa dos indicadores de aleitamento materno entre dois estudos transversais com amostras aleatórias de crianças com até 2 anos de idade, antes e depois da implantação da Iniciativa Hospital Amigo da Criança para todos os serviços públicos de assistência ao parto na cidade. Curvas de sobrevida de Kaplan-Meyer foram construídas para os diversos padrões de amamentação. O teste de log rank foi usado para calcular o nível de significância das diferenças entre as curvas antes e após a Iniciativa. RESULTADOS: As curvas de sobrevida mostraram que houve aumento nas taxas de aleitamento materno no período estudado. O teste de log rank mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significantes para os diversos padrões de amamentação (p OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative on the breastfeeding practices of mothers from the urban area of Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. METHODS: A comparative analysis was performed of two cross-sectional breastfeeding indicator studies with randomized samples of children under 2 years of age. One study was carried out before and the other after the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative had been implemented throughout all public pregnancy and childbirth care services in the city. Kaplan-Meyer survival curves were constructed for different breastfeeding patterns. Log rank testing was used to calculate the level of significance of differences between curves for before and after the Initiative. RESULTS: The survival curves demonstrate that breastfeeding rates increased during the study period. The log rank test detected significance for increases in all patterns of breastfeeding (p < 0.000). Median overall breastfeeding duration increased from 8.9 to 11.6 months and median duration of exclusive breastfeeding rose from 27 days to 3.5 months. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in all public maternity units in Montes Claros significantly increased breastfeeding rates in the city. Since the ideal state of affairs has not yet been reached, further strategies must be implemented to promote and support breastfeeding practices.
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