Chemopreventive Potential of Ethanolic Extracts of Luobuma Leaves (Apocynum venetum L.) in Androgen Insensitive Prostate Cancer

Szu-Ping Huang; Tzu-Ming Ho; Chih-Wen Yang; Ya-Ju Chang; Jie-Fu Chen; Ning-Sing Shaw; Jia-Cherng Horng; Shih-Lan Hsu; Ming-Yuan Liao; Li-Chen Wu; Ja-an Annie Ho

doi:10.3390/nu9090948

Nutrients (Aug 2017)

Chemopreventive Potential of Ethanolic Extracts of Luobuma Leaves (Apocynum venetum L.) in Androgen Insensitive Prostate Cancer

Szu-Ping Huang,
Tzu-Ming Ho,
Chih-Wen Yang,
Ya-Ju Chang,
Jie-Fu Chen,
Ning-Sing Shaw,
Jia-Cherng Horng,
Shih-Lan Hsu,
Ming-Yuan Liao,
Li-Chen Wu,
Ja-an Annie Ho

Affiliations

Szu-Ping Huang: Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
Tzu-Ming Ho: BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Chih-Wen Yang: BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Ya-Ju Chang: BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Jie-Fu Chen: BioAnalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Ning-Sing Shaw: Applied and Translational Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Jia-Cherng Horng: Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
Shih-Lan Hsu: Department of Medical Education & Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
Ming-Yuan Liao: Department of Chemistry, National Chung-Hsin University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
Li-Chen Wu: Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chi Nan University, Puli, Nantou 54561, Taiwan
Ja-an Annie Ho: Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9090948
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 9, no. 9
p. 948

Abstract

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Luobuma (Apocynum venetum L. (AVL)) is a popular beverage in Asia and has been reportedly to be associated with the bioactivities such as cardiotonic, diuretic, antioxidative, and antihypertensive. However, its biofunction as chemoprevention activity is seldom addressed. Herein, we aimed to characterize the anti-androgen-insensitive-prostate-cancer (anti-AIPC) bioactive compounds of Luobuma, and to investigate the associated molecular mechanisms. Activity-guided-fractionation (antioxidative activity and cell survivability) of Luobuma ethanolic extracts was performed to isolate and characterize the major bioactive compounds using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC), Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). Plant sterols (lupeol, stigamasterol and β-sitosterol) and polyphenolics (isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and quercetin) were identified. Lupeol, a triterpene found in the fraction (F8) eluted by 10% ethyl acetate/90% hexane and accounted for 19.3% (w/w) of F8, inhibited the proliferation of PC3 cells. Both lupeol and F8 induced G2/M arrest, inhibition of β-catenin signaling, regulation of apoptotic signal molecules (cytochrome c, Bcl-2, P53, and caspase 3 and 8), and suppression DNA repair enzyme expression (Uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG)). To our knowledge, our study is the first report that lupeol inhibited the expression of UNG to elicit the cytotoxicity against androgen-insensitive-prostate-cancer cells. Collectively, Luobuma, which contains several antitumor bioactive compounds, holds the potential to be a dietary chemopreventive agent for prostate cancer.

Published in Nutrients

ISSN: 2072-6643 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology: Home economics: Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Website: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients

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