Understanding Pediatric Patient's Perspective on Neurostimulation (Cefaly®™) for Migraine Treatment: A Focus Group Discussion

Abstract

Purpose: Migraines are highly prevalent among children and adolescents, leading to significant disability. External trigeminal nerve stimulation (Cefaly®) is an emerging alternative treatment for migraine. These non-invasive wearable devices deliver electrical impulses through the skin to reduce pain transmission. Cefaly® has been government-approved for use in adults but has not been formally studied in pediatric-aged populations. We conducted a focus group with pediatric patients (aged 16-17) and a patient partner (aged 18) diagnosed with chronic migraine to investigate adolescent perspectives on the Cefaly® device. Involving adolescents ahead of a clinical trial is critical for understanding whether the Cefaly® device can be integrated into patients' lives and have a meaningful impact in real-world contexts for pain management. Methods: Participants partook in a 65-minute virtual semi-structured focus group discussion where they were asked open-ended questions regarding their experiences living with chronic migraine and their impressions of the Cefaly® device and barriers to use. Results: Participants were keen to try Cefaly® but felt it was best suited for home use due to the device's appearance combined with the length of time required per session. Participants described Cefaly® as most helpful as an adjunct for their existing therapies. The device's portability was regarded as advantageous. Participants especially expressed a favourable perception towards the non-invasive nature of Cefaly® and minimal side effects compared to medications and injection-based treatment options. Conclusion: Adolescents reported a desire to try Cefaly® for treating their chronic migraines. Clinical studies are needed to validate the efficacy of Cefaly® for pediatric populations.