Vaccine-Associated Measles Encephalitis in Immunocompromised Child, California, USA

Abstract

We report a fatal case of vaccine-associated measles encephalitis in an immunocompromised child in California, USA. The infection was confirmed by whole-genome RNA sequencing of measles virus from brain tissue. We observed biased matrix-gene hypermutation consistent with persistent measles virus central nervous system infection.

Keywords

• measles
• viruses
• vaccine-preventable diseases
• meningitis/encephalitis
• vaccination
• stem cell transplant