GCF and serum levels of omentin in periodontal health and disease of diabetic and non-diabetic individuals: A comparative study

Abstract

Background: Omentin is an adipocytokine secreted by visceral adipose tissue cells associated with the action of insulin-increasing, insulin-facilitated glucose uptake. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the levels of omentin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum of periodontally healthy individuals and chronic periodontitis (CP) patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Settings and Design: A hospital-based comparative study was conducted amongst 40 subjects of age group 30–50 years. Methods: Subjects were divided into four groups, group I (10 healthy individuals), group II (10 T2DM), group III (10 CP only) and group IV (10 patients with CP and T2DM). Clinical and systemic parameters assessed were gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), periodontal attachment level (PAL) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Serum and GCF samples were collected and analysed for omentin levels using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Although the mean GCF omentin levels were highest in group I and lowest in group IV, it was not statistically significant. However, the serum omentin levels were statistically significant, showing the highest mean level in group I and lowest in group IV and serum levels were statistically significant. Also, the serum omentin levels had a negative correlation with HbA1c. Conclusion: The levels of omentin reflect the diabetic status of an individual, which suggests that omentin can be a potential anti-inflammatory marker and a therapeutic agent for conditions like CP and T2DM.

Keywords

• diabetes
• gcf
• periodontitis
• serum