Cell Reports (Dec 2015)

MLL-Rearranged Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias Activate BCL-2 through H3K79 Methylation and Are Sensitive to the BCL-2-Specific Antagonist ABT-199

  • Juliana M. Benito,
  • Laura Godfrey,
  • Kensuke Kojima,
  • Leah Hogdal,
  • Mark Wunderlich,
  • Huimin Geng,
  • Isabel Marzo,
  • Karine G. Harutyunyan,
  • Leonard Golfman,
  • Phillip North,
  • Jon Kerry,
  • Erica Ballabio,
  • Triona Ní Chonghaile,
  • Oscar Gonzalo,
  • Yihua Qiu,
  • Irmela Jeremias,
  • LaKiesha Debose,
  • Eric O’Brien,
  • Helen Ma,
  • Ping Zhou,
  • Rodrigo Jacamo,
  • Eugene Park,
  • Kevin R. Coombes,
  • Nianxiang Zhang,
  • Deborah A. Thomas,
  • Susan O’Brien,
  • Hagop M. Kantarjian,
  • Joel D. Leverson,
  • Steven M. Kornblau,
  • Michael Andreeff,
  • Markus Müschen,
  • Patrick A. Zweidler-McKay,
  • James C. Mulloy,
  • Anthony Letai,
  • Thomas A. Milne,
  • Marina Konopleva

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2015.12.003
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 12
pp. 2715 – 2727

Abstract

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Targeted therapies designed to exploit specific molecular pathways in aggressive cancers are an exciting area of current research. Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) mutations such as the t(4;11) translocation cause aggressive leukemias that are refractory to conventional treatment. The t(4;11) translocation produces an MLL/AF4 fusion protein that activates key target genes through both epigenetic and transcriptional elongation mechanisms. In this study, we show that t(4;11) patient cells express high levels of BCL-2 and are highly sensitive to treatment with the BCL-2-specific BH3 mimetic ABT-199. We demonstrate that MLL/AF4 specifically upregulates the BCL-2 gene but not other BCL-2 family members via DOT1L-mediated H3K79me2/3. We use this information to show that a t(4;11) cell line is sensitive to a combination of ABT-199 and DOT1L inhibitors. In addition, ABT-199 synergizes with standard induction-type therapy in a xenotransplant model, advocating for the introduction of ABT-199 into therapeutic regimens for MLL-rearranged leukemias.

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