Stiinta Agricola (Dec 2021)
Особенности формирования урожайности биомассы мискантуса гигантского при совместном выращивании с бобовыми культурами
Abstract
The article focuses on the need to study ways to increase the yield of giant miscanthus with an ecological component. This will make it possible to consistently obtain a sufficient volume of biomass as a raw material for the production of biofuel.The experiment for study the peculiarities of the formation of the yield of miscanthus was carried out in the conditions of the central part of the Forest-Steppe (Ukraine) using the metho-dological recommendations of domestic and foreign authors. The experience combined the study of factors: factor A – year (2016–2018), factor B – methods of growing giant miscanthus: option 1 – single-species crops (control), option 2 – intercropping with perennial lupin Lupinusperennis L, option 3 – intercropping with MedicagofalcataL, option 4 – intercropping with Trifoliumpratense L. The biometric indicators of plants were determined ac-cording to the approved methods, the biomass yield was determined by the gravimetric method, by weighing the aboveground vegetative mass from each variant of the field experiment. According to the results of the study, the influence of quantitative indicators (r ˃ 0.7), against the background of various methods of crop cultivation, on the yield of biomass of giant miscanthus was established. Compared with single-species plantations, the highest biomass yield (11.8 t/ha) is formed when plants are grown in intercropping with a legume component – lupin. The equivalent influence of biometric parameters of plants (height and number of stems) on the yield of biomass of giant miscanthus was determined (r = 0.91 and 0.94, respectively) and is confirmed by the regression equation y = - 34.20 + 0.33 × x in all variants of the experiment. It was found that the joint cultivation of giant miscanthus with a legume component (perennial lupin) contributes to a significantly greater increase in the biometric parameters of plants and the yield of biomass. At the same time, it was determined that the yield of miscanthus is formed due to the height of the stem and the average length of the leaf, and significantly depends on the number of stems per unit area.
