Traditions and innovations of Islamic charity in the socio-cultural conditions of the modern Volga region

Abstract

Background. The theological foundations for the formation of Islamic social service tradition and the main directions of its manifestation in modern socio-cultural life in the poly-ethno-confessional Volga region are considered by the example of mainly Kazan urban Muslim communities. The doctrinal foundations of charity are shown, which is an important part of Islamic culture and social position. The main stages of the emergence of charitable societies in the socio-cultural life of the pre-revolutionary Volga region and the formation of various tradition forms of social activity of religiously oriented societies are analyzed. The examples are the activities of the Yardem mosque in Kazan, as well as the forms of digitalization of donations and etc. The purpose of the work is to reveal the relationship between traditions and innovations in the context of the social service of the Muslim communities of the Volga region; to demonstrate the effectiveness of modern technologies implemented within the framework of social projects for the Volga Muslims; to study traditional and innovative technologies of Islamic charity; to identify current trends that have arisen in the field of social service of Muslims of the Volga region; to trace the influence of Muslim charity on the social life of the Volga region; to determine the role of traditional and innovative methods in the context of establishing interreligious dialogue. Materials and methods. Holy Muslim texts, the Koran and collections of hadiths, historical works of L.R. Gabdrafikov, V.A. Akhmadullin, D.M. Garaev, as well as the works of charitable researchers I.V. Kovalev, F.A. Chepurov were used. The method of historical analysis and content analysis were used as the main methods. Results. As the main results of the study, one can single out the definition of the fundamental foundations of Islamic charity and social service, recorded in the Koran and the Sunnah; identification of the social status and class affiliation of groups of beneficiaries characteristic of the Republic of Tatarstan; description of traditional and innovative methods of charity; illustration of the activities of modern charitable foundations by the example of “Yardem-Pomoshch. Conclusions. Changes in economic formations have influenced the main directions of charitable initiatives in the Republic of Tatarstan. Forms of social service were modified based on the political situation. It should be noted that despite the modifications of some charitable initiatives, the main categories of the needy, who receive the most attention, remain unchanged. At the present stage, the interests of patrons and philanthropists are represented by foundations that coordinate and structure various charitable initiatives. At the same time, the tradition of helping one's neighbor is also firmly fixed in the culture of the Muslim Ummah in the Republic of Tatarstan today. In general, it can be noted that the charity of the Republic of Tatarstan organically combines an innovative approach and adherence to traditions.

Keywords

• muslim social service
• charity
• muslims of the volga region
• islam
• social and cultural life