Shorter sleep time relates to lower human defensin 5 secretion and compositional disturbance of the intestinal microbiota accompanied by decreased short-chain fatty acid production
Yu Shimizu,
Ryodai Yamamura,
Yuki Yokoi,
Tokiyoshi Ayabe,
Shigekazu Ukawa,
Koshi Nakamura,
Emiko Okada,
Akihiro Imae,
Takafumi Nakagawa,
Akiko Tamakoshi,
Kiminori Nakamura
Affiliations
Yu Shimizu
Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Ryodai Yamamura
Division of Biomedical Oncology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Yuki Yokoi
Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Tokiyoshi Ayabe
Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Shigekazu Ukawa
Department of Social Welfare Science and Clinical Psychology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka, Japan
Koshi Nakamura
Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
Emiko Okada
Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
Akihiro Imae
Suttu Municipal Clinic, Hokkaido, Japan
Takafumi Nakagawa
The Centre for Family Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
Akiko Tamakoshi
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
Kiminori Nakamura
Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
ABSTRACTSleep is essential for our health. Short sleep is known to increase disease risks via imbalance of intestinal microbiota, dysbiosis. However, mechanisms by which short sleep induces dysbiosis remain unknown. Small intestinal Paneth cell regulates the intestinal microbiota by secreting antimicrobial peptides including α-defensin, human defensin 5 (HD5). Disruption of circadian rhythm mediating sleep-wake cycle induces Paneth cell failure. We aim to clarify effects of short sleep on HD5 secretion and the intestinal microbiota. Fecal samples and self-reported sleep time were obtained from 35 healthy middle-aged Japanese (41 to 60-year-old). Shorter sleep time was associated with lower fecal HD5 concentration (r = 0.354, p = 0.037), lower centered log ratio (CLR)-transformed abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producers in the intestinal microbiota such as [Ruminococcus] gnavus group (r = 0.504, p = 0.002) and Butyricicoccus (r = 0.484, p = 0.003), and lower fecal SCFA concentration. Furthermore, fecal HD5 positively correlated with the abundance of these genera and SCFA concentration. These findings suggest that short sleep relates to disturbance of the intestinal microbiota via decreased HD5 secretion.
