Zhongguo youzhi (Oct 2024)

类可可脂的酶法制备工艺优化及性质分析Optimization of enzymatic preparation of cocoa butter equivalent and its property analysis

  • 酉琳娜1，陈焱1，王翔宇1，尚刚2，于燕3，柳湘3，江鑫1，孙承国2，王风艳1 YOU Linna1, CHEN Yan1, WANG Xiangyu1, SHANG Gang2, YU Yan3, LIU Xiang3, JIANG Xin1, SUN Chengguo2, WANG Fengyan1

DOI
https://doi.org/10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.220856
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 49, no. 10
pp. 90 – 96

Abstract

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为制备性质与天然可可脂接近的类可可脂，以Lipozyme RM IM为催化剂，棕榈油中熔点分提产物和硬脂酸为原料，在无溶剂条件下进行酶法酯交换反应，并通过分子蒸馏和溶剂结晶纯化制备类可可脂。对酶法酯交换制备工艺及分子蒸馏和溶剂结晶纯化工艺进行单因素试验优化。同时以天然可可脂为对照，对制备的类可可脂进行理化性质及结晶性能分析。结果表明：酶法酯交换工艺的最优条件为底物质量比1∶ 1、酶添加量8%（以底物总质量计）、反应温度70 ℃、反应时间2 h；分子蒸馏纯化工艺的最优条件为蒸馏温度210 ℃、进料速度2 mL/min、刮板速度150 r/min；以正己烷为溶剂结晶纯化工艺的最优条件为结晶温度15 ℃、结晶时间18 h。在最优条件下制备的类可可脂各项指标与天然可可脂基本一致，且二者经调温后均表现出稳定的β结晶趋势。综上，该工艺适用于性质接近天然可可脂的类可可脂的工业化生产。In order to prepare the cocoa butter equivalent (CBE) similar to the natural cocoa butter (CB), palm oil mid-fraction and stearic acid were used to prepare CBE through interesterification with Lipozyme RM IM as catalyst in solvent free system. Therewith, molecular distillation and solvent crystallization were employed to purify the reaction product.The single factor experiment was carried out to optimize the process conditions of interesterification reaction,molecular distillation process and solvent crystallization. At the same time, the physicochemical properties and crystallization properties of CBE prepared were analyzed using natural CB as a control.The results showed that the optimal conditions of interesterification reaction were as follows: substrate mass ratio 1∶ 1, enzyme dosage 8%（based on the total mass of the substrates）, reaction temperature 70 ℃, and reaction time 2 h. The optimal molecular distillation process conditions were as follows: distillation temperature 210 ℃, feeding rate 2 mL/min, wiper rotation speed 150 r/min. The optimal conditions for n-hexane solvent crystallization were as follows: crystallization temperature 15 ℃ and crystallization time 18 h. The indexes of CBE prepared under these conditions were basically consistent with those of natural CB, and both showed stable β crystallization trend after temperature regulation. In conclusion, the preparation technology had a favorable prospect in the industrial production of the CBE with the similar characteristics of the natural CB.

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