Frontiers in Immunology (Jan 2024)
People who use drugs show no increase in pre-existing T-cell cross-reactivity toward SARS-CoV-2 but develop a normal polyfunctional T-cell response after standard mRNA vaccination
- Murat Gainullin,
- Murat Gainullin,
- Murat Gainullin,
- Lorenzo Federico,
- Lorenzo Federico,
- Julie Røkke Osen,
- Julie Røkke Osen,
- Viktoriia Chaban,
- Viktoriia Chaban,
- Hassen Kared,
- Hassen Kared,
- Amin Alirezaylavasani,
- Amin Alirezaylavasani,
- Fridtjof Lund-Johansen,
- Fridtjof Lund-Johansen,
- Fridtjof Lund-Johansen,
- Gull Wildendahl,
- Jon-Aksel Jacobsen,
- Hina Sarwar Anjum,
- Richard Stratford,
- Simen Tennøe,
- Brandon Malone,
- Trevor Clancy,
- John T. Vaage,
- John T. Vaage,
- Kathleen Henriksen,
- Kathleen Henriksen,
- Linda Wüsthoff,
- Linda Wüsthoff,
- Ludvig A. Munthe,
- Ludvig A. Munthe
Affiliations
- Murat Gainullin
- KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Murat Gainullin
- NEC OncoImmunity AS, Oslo, Norway
- Murat Gainullin
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Lorenzo Federico
- KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Lorenzo Federico
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Julie Røkke Osen
- KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Julie Røkke Osen
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Viktoriia Chaban
- KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Viktoriia Chaban
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Hassen Kared
- KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Hassen Kared
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Amin Alirezaylavasani
- KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Amin Alirezaylavasani
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Fridtjof Lund-Johansen
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Fridtjof Lund-Johansen
- ImmunoLingo Convergence Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Fridtjof Lund-Johansen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Gull Wildendahl
- Agency for Social and Welfare Services, Oslo, Norway
- Jon-Aksel Jacobsen
- Agency for Social and Welfare Services, Oslo, Norway
- Hina Sarwar Anjum
- Agency for Social and Welfare Services, Oslo, Norway
- Richard Stratford
- NEC OncoImmunity AS, Oslo, Norway
- Simen Tennøe
- NEC OncoImmunity AS, Oslo, Norway
- Brandon Malone
- NEC OncoImmunity AS, Oslo, Norway
- Trevor Clancy
- NEC OncoImmunity AS, Oslo, Norway
- John T. Vaage
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- John T. Vaage
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Kathleen Henriksen
- Agency for Social and Welfare Services, Oslo, Norway
- Kathleen Henriksen
- Student Health Services, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Linda Wüsthoff
- Unit for Clinical Research on Addictions, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Linda Wüsthoff
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Reasearch, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Ludvig A. Munthe
- KG Jebsen Centre for B cell Malignancies, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Ludvig A. Munthe
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1235210
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 14
Abstract
People who use drugs (PWUD) are at a high risk of contracting and developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other infectious diseases due to their lifestyle, comorbidities, and the detrimental effects of opioids on cellular immunity. However, there is limited research on vaccine responses in PWUD, particularly regarding the role that T cells play in the immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we show that before vaccination, PWUD did not exhibit an increased frequency of preexisting cross-reactive T cells to SARS-CoV-2 and that, despite the inhibitory effects that opioids have on T-cell immunity, standard vaccination can elicit robust polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses that were similar to those found in controls. Our findings indicate that vaccination stimulates an effective immune response in PWUD and highlight targeted vaccination as an essential public health instrument for the control of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in this group of high-risk patients.
Keywords
- people who use drugs
- SARS-CoV-2 vaccination
- T cell responses
- T cell subsets
- T cell functionality
- antiviral immunity
