Fabrication and in vitro release behavior of a novel antibacterial coating containing halogenated furanone-loaded poly(L-lactic acid) nanoparticles on microarc-oxidized titanium

Abstract

Yicheng Cheng,1 Jiang Wu,1 Bo Gao,1 Xianghui Zhao,2 Junyan Yao,3 Shenglin Mei,1 Liang Zhang,4 Huifang Ren1 1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, 2Institute of Neuroscience, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 3Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 4Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ChinaYicheng Cheng and Jiang Wu contributed equally to this workBackground: Dental implants have become increasingly common for the management of missing teeth. However, peri-implant infection remains a problem, is usually difficult to treat, and may lead eventually to dental implant failure. The aim of this study was to fabricate a novel antibacterial coating containing a halogenated furanone compound, ie, (Z-)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone (BBF)-loaded poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanoparticles on microarc-oxidized titanium and to evaluate its release behavior in vitro.Methods: BBF-loaded PLLA nanoparticles were prepared using the emulsion solvent-evaporation method, and the antibacterial coating was fabricated by cross-linking BBF-loaded PLLA nanoparticles with gelatin on microarc-oxidized titanium.Results: The BBF-loaded PLLA nanoparticles had a small particle size (408 ± 14 nm), a low polydispersity index (0.140 ± 0.008), a high encapsulation efficiency (72.44% ± 1.27%), and a fine spherical shape with a smooth surface. The morphology of the fabricated antibacterial coating showed that the BBF-loaded PLLA nanoparticles were well distributed in the pores of the microarc oxidation coating, and were cross-linked with each other and the wall pores by gelatin. The release study indicated that the antibacterial coating could achieve sustained release of BBF for 60 days, with a slight initial burst release during the first 4 hours.Conclusion: The novel antibacterial coating fabricated in this study is a potentially promising method for prevention of early peri-implant infection.Keywords: antibacterial, coating, halogenated furanone, nanoparticles, microarc oxidation, sustained release