Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Eye Anterior Segment in the Diagnosis of Senile Scleral Plaques. Clinical Case

Abstract

Senile scleral plaque (SSP) is a degenerative disease of the sclera, characterized by the appearance of gray spots with well-defined borders located anterior to the horizontal rectus muscles. Hyaline degeneration of the sclera was first described by J.H. Parsons in 1904. Currently, it is believed that the primary cause of SSP formation is collagen degradation, reduced elastin content, and the deposition of calcium and lipids. This condition closely resembles sclerochoroidal calcification (SCC); however, SSP is localized in the anterior eye segment and is associated with the risk of complications that could threaten visual function or lead to eye loss. SSP appears as a gray spot with distinct irregular borders located anterior to the horizontal rectus muscles. On optical coherence tomography (OCT), it presents as an intrascleral cavity with hyporeflective contents and clear borders defined by unaltered scleral fibers. This article describes a clinical case of bilateral symmetrical eye involvement. During ultrasound biomicroscopy of the anterior segment in the area of interest, a localized scleral defect was visualized, above which a hyperechoic linear thickening of the coats was detected.

Keywords

• senile scleral plaque
• ultrasound biomicroscopy