Survival predictors and outcomes of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer treated with chemotherapy plus cetuximab as first-line therapy: A real-world retrospective study

Abstract

Background: In patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) the estimated prognosis is usually poor. Patient-specific factors that affect prognosis should be considered when choosing therapy. We conducted a retrospective, single-center analysis in patients treated with first line platinum and antiEGFR antibody-containing regimen. The objective was to generate real-world data considering treatment outcomes and to identify predictors of survival. Patients/methods: Clinical charts of patients treated with cetuximab and platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) for R/M HNSCC in first-line setting, between January-2009 and December-2018 were assessed. In these 103 patients, the prognostic value of site of the primary tumor, age at diagnosis, gender, Cetuximab induced skin toxicity and prior treatments were studied multivariately. To evaluate progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), Kaplan-Meier curves and the log-rank test were used. The Coxregression model was used to investigate the effect of these variables on OS. Results: Longer OS was associated with oral cavity tumor location (p = 0,003), European Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance Status 0 (ECOG-PS) (p = 0,01), complete/partial response (p<0,0001), cetuximab monotherapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity (p = 0,037) and Grade 2–4 cetuximab induced skin toxicity (p = 0,037). The median follow-up period was 11,7 months. The mortality rate was 90,3% during this retrospective cohort assessment. The PFS was 7,1 months (95% confidence interval (CI), 5,6–8.6). The OS was 11,7 months (95%CI, 10,5–12,8). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that the combination of cetuximab with platinum-based CT was effective in R/M HNSCC. Among patients with R/M HSCC treated with platinum plus cetuximab as first-line therapy, primary site, ECOG-PS, grade 2–4 cetuximab induced toxicity, and weekly cetuximab monotherapy have a marked impact on OS.

Keywords

• Head and neck cancer survival predictors toxicity