Infection Prevention in Practice (Mar 2021)
Healthcare associated coronavirus disease 2019 among health care workers in Normandy, France: a multi-center study
- Pascal Thibon,
- Pierre Breton,
- Audrey Mouet,
- Antoine Bidon,
- François Haupais,
- Caroline Darrigan,
- Pauline Gautier,
- Thomas Letourneur,
- Emeline Perillieux,
- Charles Seguineau,
- Paul Thibon,
- Liliane Henry,
- Meriadeg Ar Gouilh,
- France Borgey,
- Simon Le Hello,
- Alexandra Allaire,
- Valérie Auclair,
- Sophie Beuve Krug,
- Guy-Claude Borderan,
- Corine Chauvin,
- Sylvie Dargere,
- Dominique Degallaix,
- Joël Delhomme,
- Stéphane Erouart,
- Alexis Hautemaniere,
- Paul Ionescu,
- François-Xavier Le Foulon,
- Stéphanie Lefflot,
- Elisabeth Lefol-Seillier,
- Marie-Line Levallois,
- Mélanie Martel,
- Jocelyn Michon,
- Dominique Olliver,
- Aurélie Thomas-hervieu,
- Astrid Vabret,
- Carole Vaucelle,
- Renaud Verdon
Affiliations
- Pascal Thibon
- Centre d'appui Pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins, CPias Normandie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Pierre Breton
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Audrey Mouet
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Antoine Bidon
- Centre d'appui Pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins, CPias Normandie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- François Haupais
- Centre d'appui Pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins, CPias Normandie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Caroline Darrigan
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France
- Pauline Gautier
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France
- Thomas Letourneur
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France
- Emeline Perillieux
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France
- Charles Seguineau
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France
- Paul Thibon
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France
- Liliane Henry
- Centre d'appui Pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins, CPias Normandie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Meriadeg Ar Gouilh
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France; Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- France Borgey
- Centre d'appui Pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins, CPias Normandie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Simon Le Hello
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France; Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France; Corresponding author. Address: Service Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU de Caen Normandie, Niveau 3, 14033 Caen cedex, France. Tel.: +33 231064851.
- Alexandra Allaire
- Unité de Prévention et Contrôle du Risque Infectieux, Centre Hospitalier Mémorial, Saint-Lô, F-50000, France
- Valérie Auclair
- Service Pharmacie, Etablissement Public de Santé Mentale, Caen, F-14000, France
- Sophie Beuve Krug
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier, Vire, F-14500, France
- Guy-Claude Borderan
- Service d'Epidémiologie et d'Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier d’Avranches-Granville, F-50400, Avranches, France
- Corine Chauvin
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière Centre Hospitalier, Bayeux, F-14400, France
- Sylvie Dargere
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France; Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Dominique Degallaix
- Centre d'appui Pour la Prévention des Infections Associées aux Soins, CPias Normandie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France; Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier, Pont-L’évêque, F-14130, France
- Joël Delhomme
- Unité Opérationnelle d’Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier, Alençon, F-61000, France
- Stéphane Erouart
- Agence Régionale de Santé de Normandie, Caen, F-14033, France
- Alexis Hautemaniere
- Service d'Epidémiologie et d'Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier d’Avranches-Granville, F-50400, Avranches, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54052, France
- Paul Ionescu
- Equipe Opérationnelle d’Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier, Flers, F-61100, France
- François-Xavier Le Foulon
- Service Pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier, Sées, F-61500, France
- Stéphanie Lefflot
- Unité Hygiène et Lutte contre les Infections Nosocomiales, Centre Hospitalier Public du Cotentin, Cherbourg, F-50100, France
- Elisabeth Lefol-Seillier
- Service Hygiène et Qualité, Centre de Soins de Suite et Rééducation Brocéliande, Caen, F-14000, France
- Marie-Line Levallois
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier, Vire, F-14500, France
- Mélanie Martel
- Cellule Normandie, DiRe, Santé publique, Rouen, F-76000, France
- Jocelyn Michon
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France; Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Dominique Olliver
- Service d’Hygiène, Centre Hospitalier, La Ferté-Macé, F-61600, France
- Aurélie Thomas-hervieu
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Privé Saint-Martin, Caen F-14000, France
- Astrid Vabret
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France; Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Carole Vaucelle
- Service d’Hygiène Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier, Mortagne F-61400, France
- Renaud Verdon
- Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, EA2656, Caen, F-14033, France; Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire, Caen, F-14033, France
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 3,
no. 1
p. 100109
Abstract
Summary: Introduction: In the early phase of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic in France, knowledge of SARS-COV-2 characteristics was limited, and personal protective equipment (PPE) was lacking. Thus, health care workers (HCWs) were exposed to nosocomial transmission. Methods: A multicenter regional descriptive study of fifty-two heath care facilities covering 30,533 HCWs in western Normandy, France, from March 3 to March 27, 2020, before the incidence threshold of 10/100,000 inhabitants was crossed in the study area. The incidence rate of COVID-19 in HCWs, the attack rates and the serial interval distribution of nosocomial transmission were computed. Demographic characteristics of HCWs, contacts with index cases, and the use of personal protective equipment were collected by a structured questionnaire. Results: The incidence rate of COVID-19 in HCWs was 2.7‰. Among 19 situations (13 clusters >2 cases), 10 were HCW-HCW and 9 patient-HCW transmission, the global attack rate was 13.7% (95% confidence interval, 10.6%–17.3%), and 68 HCWs were involved (10 index cases, with 58 secondary cases). Exposure of secondary cases was only in the presymptomatic phase of the index case in 29% of cases, 48% for HCW-HCW and 10% for patient-HCW transmission (P<0.001). The mean serial interval was 5.1 days (95% CI, 4.2–5.9 days). Preventative measures were not optimal. Conclusions: Our investigation demonstrated that HCWs who were not assigned to the care of COVID-19 patients were not prepared for the arrival of this particularly insidious new virus, which spread rapidly from an often asymptomatic colleague or patient.