Comparison of Post-Vaccination Cellular Immune Response in Patients with Common Variable Immune Deficiency
Aristitsa Mikhailovna Kostinova,
Elena Alexandrovna Latysheva,
Mikhail Petrovich Kostinov,
Nelly Kimovna Akhmatova,
Svetlana Anatolyevna Skhodova,
Anna Egorovna Vlasenko,
Alexander Petrovich Cherdantsev,
Irina Leonidovna Soloveva,
Isabella Abramovna Khrapunova,
Marina Nikolaevna Loktionova,
Ekaterina Alexandrovna Khromova,
Arseniy Alexandrovich Poddubikov
Affiliations
Aristitsa Mikhailovna Kostinova
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution, Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Elena Alexandrovna Latysheva
National Research Center Institute of Immunology Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Kashirskoe Shosse, 24, 115478 Moscow, Russia
Mikhail Petrovich Kostinov
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution, Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Nelly Kimovna Akhmatova
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera», Malyi Kazenniy Pereulok, 5a, 105064 Moscow, Russia
Svetlana Anatolyevna Skhodova
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera», Malyi Kazenniy Pereulok, 5a, 105064 Moscow, Russia
Anna Egorovna Vlasenko
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution, Higher Education “Samara State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Chapaevskaya Street, 89, 443099 Samara, Russia
Alexander Petrovich Cherdantsev
Federal State-Funded Educational Institution, Higher Education “Ulyanovsk State University”, Leo Tolstoy Street, 42, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia
Irina Leonidovna Soloveva
Federal State-Funded Educational Institution, Higher Education “Ulyanovsk State University”, Leo Tolstoy Street, 42, 432017 Ulyanovsk, Russia
Isabella Abramovna Khrapunova
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution, Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Marina Nikolaevna Loktionova
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution, Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Ekaterina Alexandrovna Khromova
Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera», Malyi Kazenniy Pereulok, 5a, 105064 Moscow, Russia
Arseniy Alexandrovich Poddubikov
Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution, Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya Str., 8/2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Background: The problem of identifying vaccine-specific T-cell responses is still a matter of debate. Currently, there are no universal, clearly defined, agreed upon criteria for assessing the effectiveness of vaccinations and their immunogenicity for the cellular component of immunity, even for healthy people. But for patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI), especially those with antibody deficiencies, evaluating cellular immunity holds significant importance. Aim: To examine the effect of one and two doses of inactivated adjuvanted subunit influenza vaccines on the expression of endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on the immune cells and the primary lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Materials and methods: During 2018–2019, six CVID patients received one dose of a quadrivalent adjuvanted influenza vaccine; in 2019–2020, nine patients were vaccinated with two doses of a trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine. The proportion of key lymphocyte subpopulations and expression levels of TLRs were analyzed using flow cytometry with monoclonal antibodies. Results: No statistically significant alterations in the absolute values of the main lymphocyte subpopulations were observed in CVID patients before or after vaccination with the different immunization protocols. However, after vaccination, a higher expression of TLR3 and TLR9 in granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes was found in those patients who received two vaccine doses rather than one single dose. Conclusion: This study marks the first instance of using a simultaneous two-dose vaccination, which is associated with an elevated level of TLR expression in the immune cells. Administration of the adjuvanted vaccines in CVID patients appears promising. Further research into their impact on innate immunity and the development of more effective vaccination regimens is warranted.
