Risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation

Abstract

Cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) is an extremely serious problem in patients after hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT). We have evaluated importance of major risk factors CMV development in patients after allogeneic HSCT (n = 168) from related (n = 56), unrelated (n = 90) or haploidentical donors (n = 22). Clinical importance of HSCT type as risk factors CMV development was shown; patients after unrelated or haploidentical HSCT had the worst prognosis. We also demonstrated that ≥ 2 grade acute GVHD statistically significant increase CMV reactivation probability after any types of HSCT. Comparison of infection reactivation frequency and event-free survival between subgroups of patients, received HSCT from CMV-positive and CMV-negative donors, absence of any differences was revealed. In the second group CMV infection was more severe. Preventive gancyclovir treatment has not shown efficacy and any influence on frequency of CMV reactivation.

Keywords

• cytomegalovirus
• hematopoietic stem cells transplantation
• risk factors
• preventive treatment