Principles of resistance management for the control of Alopecurus myosuroides and Apera spica-venti in the view of the official plant protection service

Abstract

Alopecurus myosuroides and Apera spica-venti are the most important grass weeds on arable land. For many years, these grass species have shown a development of herbicide resistant biotypes and populations. Appropriate field techniques and herbicide control are absolutely essential for the prevention and limitation of resistance development. The official plant protection service has an decisive task as a neutral and independent institution for suitable anti-resistance strategies based on herbicide management. Basic recommendations and principles are presented for appropriate cropping strategies and the implementation of suitable, specific herbicide management techniques for the avoidance of resistance. Specific aspects of the control of Alopecurus myosuroides and Apera spica-venti in different regions of Germany are discussed. The presented concepts are the basis for advice for the plant protection industry and the agricultural trade.

Keywords

• Ackerfuchsschwanz
• gute fachliche Praxis
• Herbizidresistenz
• Resistenz-Management
• Unkrautbekämpfung
• Windhalm
• best management practice
• black-grass
• herbicide resistance
• loose silky-bent
• resistance management
• weed control