Botulinum Toxin Treatment of Psoriasis—A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

A literature search on the subject of botulinum toxin treatment in psoriasis found 15 relevant articles, 11 on human subjects and 4 on animal studies. Of the human data, eight were clinical trials and three were single case reports. Seven out of eight clinical trials, all open-label, reported improvement in psoriasis following intradermal or subcutaneous botulinum toxin injections. One double-blind, placebo-controlled study, which used a smaller dose than the open-label studies, did not note a healing effect. Animal studies have shown that injection of botulinum toxins in the skin heals psoriatic skin lesions and can reduce the level of interleukins (ILs) and cytokines as well as inflammatory cells in psoriatic plaques. There is a need for controlled, blinded studies conducted in larger numbers of patients with doses that have shown promise in open-label studies.

Keywords

• psoriasis
• plaque psoriasis
• inverse psoriasis
• nail psoriasis
• botulinum toxin
• botulinum neurotoxin