Synthetic immunology: T-cell engineering and adoptive immunotherapy

Abstract

During the past decades, the rapidly-evolving cancer is hard to be thoroughly eliminated even though the radiotherapy and chemotherapy do exhibit efficacy in some degree. However, a breakthrough appeared when the adoptive cancer therapy [1] was developed, especially T cells armed with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) showed great potential in tumor clinical trials recently. CAR-T cells successfully elevated the efficiency and specificity of cytotoxicity. In this review, we will talk about the design of CAR and CAR-included combinatory therapeutic applications in the principles of systems and synthetic immunology. Keywords: T cell signaling, Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), Cell therapy, Immunotherapy, Tumor immunology, Systems and synthetic immunology, Systems and synthetic biology