Combination of taking neuropsychiatric medications and psychological distress in pregnant women, with behavioral problems in children at 2 years of age: The Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three‐Generation Cohort Study
Ippei Takahashi,
Taku Obara,
Saya Kikuchi,
Natsuko Kobayashi,
Ryo Obara,
Aoi Noda,
Minoru Ohsawa,
Tomofumi Ishikawa,
Nariyasu Mano,
Hidekazu Nishigori,
Fumihiko Ueno,
Genki Shinoda,
Keiko Murakami,
Masatsugu Orui,
Mami Ishikuro,
Hiroaki Tomita,
Shinichi Kuriyama
Affiliations
Ippei Takahashi
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Taku Obara
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Saya Kikuchi
Department of Psychiatry Tohoku Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
Natsuko Kobayashi
Department of Psychiatry Tohoku Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
Ryo Obara
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Aoi Noda
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Minoru Ohsawa
Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
Tomofumi Ishikawa
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sendai Japan
Nariyasu Mano
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
Hidekazu Nishigori
Department of Development and Environmental Medicine Fukushima Medical University Graduate School of Medicine Fukushima Japan
Fumihiko Ueno
Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Genki Shinoda
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Keiko Murakami
Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Masatsugu Orui
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Mami Ishikuro
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Hiroaki Tomita
Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Shinichi Kuriyama
Division of Molecular Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine Tohoku University Sendai Japan
Abstract Aim To examine the association of the combination of taking neuropsychiatric medications from the onset of pregnancy to mid‐pregnancy and maternal psychological distress at mid‐pregnancy, with children's behavioral problems. Methods Neuropsychiatric medication use from the onset of pregnancy to mid‐pregnancy was defined by the self‐reported name of the neuropsychiatric medication in the questionnaire in early and mid‐pregnancy. Maternal psychological distress was defined by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) ≥13 on the questionnaire in mid‐pregnancy. We classified the participants into four categories based on the combination of taking neuropsychiatric medications and psychological distress: “None,” “Medications only,” “K6 ≥ 13 only,” and “Both.” Children's behavioral problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½–5 (CBCL) at 2 years of age. The clinical ranges of the internalizing and externalizing scales of the CBCL were defined as behavioral problems. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression analysis to examine the associations between the four categories of maternal exposure and children's behavioral problems. Results Compared with the “None” category (n = 9873), the “K6 ≥ 13 only” category (n = 308) was statistically significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. In contrast, the “Medications only” (n = 93) and “Both” (n = 22) categories were not statistically significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems, although the point estimates of the odds ratio in the “Both” category were relatively high (1.58 for the internalizing problem and 2.50 for the externalizing problem). Conclusion The category of mothers taking neuropsychiatric medications and having no psychological distress during pregnancy was not associated with children's behavioral problems in the present population.