Recombinant Forms of HIV-1 in the Last Decade of the Epidemic in the Russian Federation
Anastasiia Antonova,
Elena Kazennova,
Aleksey Lebedev,
Ekaterina Ozhmegova,
Anna Kuznetsova,
Aleksandr Tumanov,
Marina Bobkova
Affiliations
Anastasiia Antonova
The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
Elena Kazennova
The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
Aleksey Lebedev
The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
Ekaterina Ozhmegova
The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
Anna Kuznetsova
The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
Aleksandr Tumanov
The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
Marina Bobkova
I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia
Currently, HIV-1 displays a substantial level of genetic diversity on a global scale, partly attributed to its recombinant variants. This study seeks to identify and analyze HIV-1 recombinants in Russia during the last decade of the epidemic. A comprehensive examination was conducted, encompassing 3178 partial pol sequences. Subtyping was achieved through various programs including COMET, the Stanford Database, REGA, jpHMM, RIP, and RDP4 for recombination analysis. The study also involved phylogenetic analysis to trace the origins of the identified recombinants. Primary resistance (PrimDR) prevalence and Drug Resistance Mutations (DRMs) were assessed. The study uncovered an overall proportion of recombinants at 8.7%, with a statistically significant increase in their frequency observed over time (p p = 0.018) and K103N in CRF63_02A6 (p = 0.002). These findings underscore the increasing HIV-1 genetic diversity and highlight a substantial prevalence of PrimDR among its recombinant forms, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing systematic monitoring.
