Caracterización de la retinopatía diabética

Abstract

Introduction: diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of mortality and early disability in the world. It is characterized by hyperglycemia and late development of vascular complications that lead to blindness in adults and increase the risk of retinopathy. Objective: characterize diabetic retinopathy in patients belonging to the Doctor’s Office 16-10 of the Santa Clara Polyclinic. Method: a descriptive quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted on patients belonging to the Doctor’s Office 16-10 of the Santa Clara Polyclinic from December 2015 to February 2017. The data were collected through a form and the review of medical records. Results: in the sample, 56.1% of patients presented diabetic retinopathy, with a predominance of mild non-proliferative retinopathy in women and in those with 65 years of age or older. The association of risk factors, such as having more than 10 years of evolution, the lack of control of the glycemia and arterial hypertension favored the appearance of the disease. Conclusions: in type II diabetic patients, there was a significant number with retinopathy, the female sex predominated and those patients 65 years of age and older with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, the disease occurred more frequently in patients with 10 or more years of evolution and in those who were controlled with oral monotherapy, and all risk factors had a significant weight in the onset of the disease.

Keywords

• retinopatía diabética
• factores de riesgo