Infection and Drug Resistance (May 2024)

Value Evaluation of Quantitative Aspergillus fumigatus-Specific IgG Antibody Test in the Diagnosis of Non-neutropenic Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

  • Sheng L,
  • Jiang W,
  • Yao Y,
  • Zhou J,
  • Zhou H

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 17
pp. 2043 – 2052

Abstract

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Lingyan Sheng,1,* Wenhong Jiang,1,2,* Yake Yao,1 Jianying Zhou,1 Hua Zhou1 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jiangshan People Hospital, Quzhou, 324110, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hua Zhou, Email [email protected]: The role of Aspergillus-specific IgG antibody test in the diagnosis of non-neutropenic invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is still uncertain, and related studies are also limited.Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the quantitative test value of Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgG antibody in non-neutropenic IPA, which could provide additional evidence for related clinical diagnosis.Methods: This prospective study collected clinical data of suspected IPA patients from January, 2020 to December, 2022, and patients were divided into two groups, IPA and non-IPA. The study analyzed clinical characteristics and diagnostic value of Aspergillus-specific IgG antibody test, using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate diagnostic efficacy.Results: The study enrolled 59 IPA cases and 68 non-IPA cases, the average admission age of IPA group was 63.2± 9.6 (33– 79), and the gender ratio (male:female) of IPA group was 42:17. The proportion of patients with history of smoking and COPD were higher in IPA group (59.3% vs 39.7%, P=0.027; 33.9% vs 14.7%, P =0.011, respectively). The level of Aspergillus fumigatus-specific IgG antibody in IPA group was significantly higher than non-IPA group (202.1± 167.0 vs 62.6± 58.0, P< 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.799 (95%CI: 0.718, 0.865 P< 0.001), and the cut-off with best diagnostic efficacy was 91 AU/mL.Conclusion: Immunological test plays an important role in the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis, and Aspergillus-specific IgG antibody test has the good diagnostic value in non-neutropenic IPA.Keywords: Aspergillus, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, IgG, non-neutropenic, diagnosis

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