Belt Set Details from Excavation CXCIX at the Bolgar Fortified Settlement

Abstract

A belt cap and 17 belt set overlays crafted from non-ferrous metal (copper alloy) are introduced into scientific discourse by the in author of the paper. These findings are elements of a composite belt with a hanging strap. They were discovered during archaeological activities in the 9th sector of excavation CXCIX at Bolgar fortified settlement in the filling material of building No. 476. The plaques were made of copper alloys in a similar artistic style, and the surface was decorated with tin plating. The findings were grouped into two sections (OI and OII) based to the shape of the items. Depending on the features of the decor, section – I is subdivided into two types. The author suggests that the plaques with a round notch at the base had a practical purpose – they served as guards for belt openings. The archaeological context of the discovery indicates the existence of a metallurgical production complex at the site, belonging to the 6th layer on the chronological scale of Bolgar fortified settlement.

Keywords

• archaeology
• bolgar fortified settlement
• excavation cxcix
• volga bolgaria
• composite belt
• heart-shaped overlays with teardrop protrusions
• scalloped lining with a notch at the base
• belt cap