Some Specific Chromosomal Aberrations of Hematologic Malignancies in 80 Iranian Population

Abstract

Introduction: Most of the hematologic malignancies are heterogenous with regard to morphology, immunophenotype, and genetic rearrangements. Multiple recurrent chromosomal aberrations have been identified by conventional cytogenetic analysis, which is now widely recognized as one of the most important diagnostic and prognostic determinants in these patients. Patients and Methods: Bone marrow samples were obtained from 80 patients with different hematologic malignancies. These consisted of 43 CML cases, 27 AML, 9 ALL and 1 MDS. In each case, cells were cultured and conventional cytogenetic analysis was performed. Results: Among the 80 subjects, 53(66%) were abnormal and 27(34%) showed apparently normal karyotype. The various aberrations in abnormal cases were t(9;22)(q34;q11) in 43 CML (100%), Monosomy Y in 2 CML (4.6%), monosomy 7 in 1 CML (2.4%), trisomy 8 and t(15;17)(q22;q21) in 2 AML case(7.4%), t(8;21)(q22;q22) in 1 AML (3.7%) and complex karyotype in 2 CML, 1 AML , 1 ALL and 1 MDS (6%). Apart from these, some novel chromosomal abnormalities were observed in our study population. Conclusion: The difference in the frequency of clonal chromosomal aberrations is probably the result of the applied methods for chromosome preparation and often very poor morphologic chromosome appearance, making the identification of finer structural abnormalities more difficult. Furthermore, ongoing cytogenetic studies are warranted in larger groups of hematologic malignancies to identify newly acquired chromosomal aberrations that may aid in cloning novel genes involved in the neoplastic process, ultimately helping in the development of targeted therapeutic drugs.

Keywords

• Chromosomal aberration
• Hematologic Malignancy
• Karyotype