Co-occurrence of mycotoxins in poultry feed and feed-ingredients marketed in Morocco

Abstract

This study investigated the contamination of poultry feed-ingredients and compound feed used in Morocco. ELISA analysis was performed on a total of 73 samples with corn (n = 59), soy (n = 8), and wheat (n=6). HPLC-MS/MS method was used for the quantification of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), Zearalenone (ZEA), Deoxynivalenol (DON), and fumonisin B1 (FUMB1) in corn (n = 10), soy (n = 5), wheat (n = 5), and compound feed (n = 18). Results of ELISA showed that the analyzed corn samples contained at least AFB1, DON, FUMB1 at the respective mean concentrations of 2.88, 3213, and 6241 ug/kg. For soya and wheat, the respective mean concentrations were 26 and 45 ug/kg of FUMB1, mean while DON was only detected in wheat samples at the mean concentration of 2,80 ug/kg. The HPLC-MS/MS showed that corn samples were contaminated by AFB1, DON, FUMB1, ZEA with average concentrations of 0.35, 2523, 6542, and 41.9 ug/kg, respectively. Soybean samples were contaminated with DON, FUMB1, and ZEA at the mean concentrations of 6.6, 73.9, and 75.7 ug/kg, respectively. Wheat were contaminated by, DON, FUMB1, and ZEA, at average concentrations of 1.99, 179, 4.01 ug/kg, respectively. AFB1, DON, FUMB1, and ZEA were detected in compound feed at average concentrations of 0.73, 3420, 4072 and 59, respectively. However, in all samples, mycotoxins concentrations did not exceed the maximum limits of the European Union standards and Ochratoxin is not detected. Key words: Aflatoxins, Zearalenone, Deoxynivalenol, OchratoxinA, Fumonisins, Corn, Soybean, Poultry compound feed