Carbonation and Chloride Ions’ Penetration of Alkali-Activated Materials: A Review
Xuanhan Zhang,
Kaidi Long,
Wei Liu,
Lixiao Li,
Wu-Jian Long
Affiliations
Xuanhan Zhang
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen Durability Center for Civil and Transportation Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Kaidi Long
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen Durability Center for Civil and Transportation Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Wei Liu
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen Durability Center for Civil and Transportation Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Lixiao Li
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen Durability Center for Civil and Transportation Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Wu-Jian Long
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering, Shenzhen Durability Center for Civil and Transportation Engineering, College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are widely recognized as potential alternatives to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) due to their lower carbon footprint. However, like OPC, AAMs can also generate some durable problems when exposed to aggressive environments and the mechanisms and possible improvements are still not fully clear in existing investigations. Furthermore, the corrosion mechanisms of AAMs are different from OPC due to the discrepant reaction products and pore structures. Thus, this study’s aim is to review the chemical reaction mechanisms, factors, and mitigation methods when AAMs are attacked by carbonation and chloride ions, along with a summative discussion regarding instructive insights to durable problems of AAMs.
