Locked-In Syndrome after Traumatic Basilar Artery Entrapment within a Clivus Fracture: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract

We report the case of a 58-year-old male with a rare vascular complication after traumatic head injury: entrapment of the basilar artery into a fracture of the clivus, ultimately leading to a locked-in syndrome due to brainstem infarction. Review of the literature revealed 19 earlier published cases of basilar artery entrapment within traumatic longitudinal clival fractures. In the majority of these patients there is an unfavorable neurological outcome.

Keywords

• basilar artery
• clivus fracture
• entrapment
• head trauma
• locked-in syndrome